ATP hydrolysis drives essential processes across biology, from nucleic acid translocation and conformational switching to signal transduction. The GHKL ATPase family-DNA Gyrase B, Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90), Histidine Kinases, and MutL homologs-shares a Bergerat-fold that couples nucleotide binding and hydrolysis to conformational changes, dimerization, and signaling. Despite their diverse roles, GHKL proteins rely on common ATP-dependent principles. Within this family, MutLα (MLH1-PMS2 in humans, Mlh1-Pms1 in yeast) is central to eukaryotic mismatch repair, where it provides the endonuclease activity needed for strand incision and coordinates interactions with other repair partners. MutLα exemplifies how the Bergerat-fold has been adapted to regulate DNA interactions, partner communication, and protein turnover on DNA. By examining MutLα through the lens of other GHKL proteins, we can clarify how ATP binding and hydrolysis drive its conformational dynamics, nuclease activation, and regulation within its pathway, highlighting how conserved mechanistic strategies are repurposed across biological systems.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | File | Description |
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