We recently described a new route for the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) from exogenous lyso-PtdEtn, which we have termed the exogenous lysolipid metabolism (ELM) pathway. The ELM pathway for lyso-PtdEtn requires the action of plasma membrane P-type ATPases Dnf1p and Dnf2p and their requisite beta-subunit, Lem3p, for the active uptake of lyso-PtdEtn. In addition, the acyl-CoA-dependent acyltransferase, Ale1p, mediates the acylation of the imported lysolipid to form PtdEtn. We now report that these components of the lyso-PtdEtn ELM pathway are also active with lyso-1-acyl-2-hydroxyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PtdCho) as a substrate. Lyso-PtdCho supports the growth of a choline auxotrophic pem1Delta pem2Delta strain. Uptake of radiolabeled lyso-PtdCho was impaired by the dnf2Delta and lem3Delta mutations. Introduction of a lem3Delta mutation into a pem1Delta pem2Delta background impaired the ability of the resulting strain to grow with lyso-PtdCho as the sole precursor of PtdCho. After import of lyso-PtdCho, the recently characterized lyso-PtdEtn acyltransferase, Ale1p, functioned as the sole lyso-PtdCho acyltransferase in yeast. A pem1Delta pem2Delta ale1Delta strain grew with lyso-PtdCho as a substrate but showed a profound reduction in PtdCho content when lyso-PtdCho was the only precursor of PtdCho. Ale1p acylates lyso-PtdCho with a preference for monounsaturated acyl-CoA species, and the specific LPCAT activity of Ale1p in yeast membranes is >50-fold higher than the basal rate of de novo aminoglycerophospholipid biosynthesis from phosphatidylserine synthase activity. In addition to lyso-PtdCho, lyso-PtdEtn, and lyso-phosphatidic acid, Ale1p was also active with lysophosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylglycerol, and lysophosphatidylinositol as substrates. These results establish a new pathway for the net synthesis of PtdCho in yeast and provide new tools for the study of PtdCho synthesis, transport, and remodeling.
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| Gene | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEM3 | chemical compound accumulation: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: lem3-Δ | Other | lyso-1-acyl-2-hydroxyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine lysophosphatidylcholine | |
| DNF2 | chemical compound accumulation: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: dnf2-Δ | Other | lyso-1-acyl-2-hydroxyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine lysophosphatidylcholine |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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