Reference: Thorsness PE and Fox TD (1993) Nuclear mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that affect the escape of DNA from mitochondria to the nucleus. Genetics 134(1):21-8

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Abstract


We have inserted a yeast nuclear DNA fragment bearing the TRP1 gene and its associated origin of DNA replication, ARS1, into the functional mitochondrial chromosome of a strain carrying a chromosomal trp1 deletion. TRP1 was not phenotypically expressed within the organelle. However, this Trp- strain readily gave rise to respiratory competent Trp+ clones that contained the TRP1/ARS1 fragment, associated with portions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), replicating in their nuclei. Thus the Trp+ clones arose as a result of DNA escaping from mitochondria and migrating to the nucleus. We have isolated 21 nuclear mutants in which the rate of mtDNA escape is increased by screening for increased rates of papillation to Trp+. All 21 mutations were recessive and fell into six complementation groups, termed YME1-YME6. In addition to increasing the rate of mtDNA escape, yme1 mutations also caused a heat-sensitive respiratory deficient phenotype at 37 degrees and a cold-sensitive growth defect on complete glucose medium at 14 degrees. While the other yme mutations had no detectable growth phenotypes, synergistic interactions were observed in two double mutant combinations: a yme1, yme2 double mutant failed to respire at 30 degrees and a yme4, yme6 double mutant failed to respire at all temperatures tested. None of the respiratory defects were caused by loss of functional mtDNA. These findings suggest that yme1, yme2, yme4 and yme6 mutations alter mitochondrial functions and thereby lead to an increased rate of DNA escape from the organelle.

Reference Type
Journal Article | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Authors
Thorsness PE, Fox TD
Primary Lit For
YME2 | YME1 | MMM1
Additional Lit For
TRP1 | vps13-31 | yme1-1 | yme2-1 | mmm1-6

Gene Ontology Annotations 1 entry for 1 gene


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Gene/ComplexQualifierGene Ontology TermAnnotation ExtensionEvidenceSourceAssigned On
YME2involved inmitochondrial genome maintenanceIMPSGD2013-08-07
Showing 1 to 1 of 1 entries

Phenotype Annotations 6 entries for 4 genes


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GenePhenotypeExperiment TypeMutant InformationStrain BackgroundChemicalDetails
YME1cold sensitivity: increased
classical genetics null
Allele: yme1-1
D273-10BMedia: glucose
Temperature: reduced temperature, 14 °C
Details: unable to grow on rich glucose medium, but able to grow on glycerol, a non-fermentable carbon source, at reduced temperature
YME1mitochondrial genome maintenance: decreased
classical genetics null
Allele: yme1-1
D273-10BDetails: 25-fold increase in the rate of escape and migration of DNA from mitochondria to the nucleus, using a tryptophan auxotroph with TRP1 integrated into the mt genome and assaying for mutants with increased papillation to Trp+ based on transfer of the TRP1 gene to the nucleus
YME2mitochondrial genome maintenance: decreased
classical genetics null
Allele: yme2-1

nonsense mutation at codon 282, resulting in a truncation prior to the TMD and exonuclease motifs

D273-10BDetails: 8-fold increase in the rate of escape and migration of DNA from mitochondria to the nucleus, using a tryptophan auxotroph with TRP1 integrated into the mt genome and assaying for mutants with increased papillation to Trp+ based on transfer of the TRP1 gene to the nucleus
VPS13mitochondrial genome maintenance: decreased
classical genetics null
Allele: vps13-31

-1 frameshift; deletion of nt G1565, truncates the protein from 3144 to 533 amino acids

D273-10BDetails: 10-fold increase in the rate of escape and migration of DNA from mitochondria to the nucleus, using a tryptophan auxotroph with TRP1 integrated into the mt genome and assaying for mutants with increased papillation to Trp+ based on transfer of the TRP1 gene to the nucleus
MMM1mitochondrial genome maintenance: decreased
classical genetics reduction of function
Allele: mmm1-6

E215K

D273-10BDetails: 12-fold increase in the rate of escape and migration of DNA from mitochondria to the nucleus, using a tryptophan auxotroph with TRP1 integrated into the mt genome and assaying for mutants with increased papillation to Trp+ based on transfer of the TRP1 gene to the nucleus
YME1respiratory growth: absent
classical genetics null
Allele: yme1-1
D273-10BMedia: non-fermentable carbon source
Temperature: elevated temperature, 37 °C
Details: required for respiratory growth at elevated temperature
Showing 1 to 6 of 6 entries

Interaction Annotations


Genetic Interactions

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Interactor Interactor Allele Assay Annotation Action Phenotype SGA score P-value Source Reference

Physical Interactions 0 entries for 0 genes

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InteractorInteractorAssayAnnotationActionModification
No physical interaction data for Thorsness PE and Fox TD (1993)
Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries