Reprogramming organelle size has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach. However, there have been few reports of nucleolar size reprogramming. We addressed this question in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by studying mutants having opposite effects on the nucleolar size. Mutations in genes involved in nuclear functions (KAR3, CIN8, and PRP45) led to enlarged nuclei/nucleoli, whereas mutations in secretory pathway family genes, namely the Rab-GTPases YPT6 and YPT32, reduced nucleolar size. When combined with mutations leading to enlarged nuclei/nucleoli, the YPT6 or YPT32 mutants can effectively reprogram the nuclear/nucleolar size almost back to normal. Our results further indicate that null mutation of YPT6 causes secretory stress that indirectly influences nuclear localization of Maf1, the negative regulator of RNA Polymerase III, which might reduce the nucleolar size by inhibiting nucleolar transcript enrichment.
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| Gene | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| YPT6 | protein/peptide distribution: abnormal Reporter: mCherry-Maf1 | classical genetics | null Allele: ypt6-Δ | S288C | Details: exclusive nuclear localization of Maf1p in the null mutant, as opposed to wt cells where a large quantity of Mat1p is cytoplasmically localized | |
| YPT32 | protein/peptide distribution: abnormal Reporter: mCherry-Maf1 | classical genetics | null Allele: ypt32-Δ | S288C | Details: increased nuclear localization of Maf1p in the null mutant, as opposed to wt cells where a large quantity of Mat1p localizes in the cytoplasm; phenotype is less prominent than in the ypt6 null mutant | |
| YPT6 | size of nucleolus: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: ypt6-Δ | S288C | Details: significant reduction in nucleolar volume and surface area with minor effect on nuclear volume and surface area; assayed in strains containing tagged nuclear pore protein Nup116-GFP, nucleolar marker mCherry-Nop1 and 3D quantitative analysis of confocal images of each nucleolus | |
| YPT32 | size of nucleolus: decreased | classical genetics | null Allele: ypt32-Δ | S288C | Details: significant reduction in nucleolar volume and surface area with minor effect on nuclear volume and surface area; assayed in strains containing tagged nuclear pore protein Nup116-GFP, nucleolar marker mCherry-Nop1 and 3D quantitative analysis of confocal images of each nucleolus | |
| KAR3 | size of nucleolus: increased | classical genetics | null Allele: kar3-Δ | S288C | Details: significant increase in nucleolar volume and surface area; assayed in strains containing tagged nuclear pore protein Nup116-GFP, nucleolar marker mCherry-Nop1 and 3D quantitative analysis of confocal images of each nucleolus | |
| CIN8 | size of nucleolus: increased | classical genetics | null Allele: cin8-Δ | S288C | Details: significant increase in nucleolar volume and surface area; assayed in strains containing tagged nuclear pore protein Nup116-GFP, nucleolar marker mCherry-Nop1 and 3D quantitative analysis of confocal images of each nucleolus | |
| PRP45 | size of nucleolus: increased | classical genetics | conditional Allele: prp45(1–169) C-terminal truncation of amino acids 170-379; SNWKN motif and helical region deleted | S288C | Temperature: elevated temperature, 37 °C Details: significant increase in nucleolar volume and surface area at the restrictive temperature; assayed in strains containing tagged nuclear pore protein Nup116-GFP, nucleolar marker mCherry-Nop1 and 3D quantitative analysis of confocal images of each nucleolus | |
| MAF1 | size of nucleolus: increased | classical genetics | null Allele: maf1-Δ | S288C | 1 μM sirolimus | Details: rapamycin stress-induced nucleolar size reduction is prevented in the maf1 null mutant; assayed in strains containing tagged nuclear pore protein Nup116-GFP, nucleolar marker mCherry-Nop1 and 3D quantitative analysis of confocal images of each nucleolus |
| MAF1 | size of nucleolus: increased | classical genetics | null Allele: maf1-Δ | S288C | 0.8 mM hydrogen peroxide | Details: oxidative stress-induced nucleolar size reduction is prevented in the maf1 null mutant treated with hydrogen peroxide; assayed in strains containing tagged nuclear pore protein Nup116-GFP, nucleolar marker mCherry-Nop1 and 3D quantitative analysis of confocal images of each nucleolus |
| KAR3 | size of nucleus: increased | classical genetics | null Allele: kar3-Δ | S288C | Details: significant increase in nuclear volume and surface area; assayed in strains containing tagged nuclear pore protein Nup116-GFP, plasma membrane protein mCherry-Ras2 and 3D quantitative analysis of confocal images of each nucleus |
Increase the total number of rows showing on this page by using the pull-down located below the table, or use the page scroll at the table's top right to browse through the table's pages; use the arrows to the right of a column header to sort by that column; filter the table using the "Filter" box at the top of the table; click on the small "i" buttons located within a cell for an annotation to view further details about experiment type and any other genes involved in the interaction.
| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Increase the total number of rows showing on this page by using the pull-down located below the table, or use the page scroll at the table's top right to browse through the table's pages; use the arrows to the right of a column header to sort by that column; filter the table using the "Filter" box at the top of the table; click on the small "i" buttons located within a cell for an annotation to view further details about experiment type and any other genes involved in the interaction.