Streptomyces bacteria have a complex life cycle that is intricately linked with their remarkable metabolic capabilities. Exploration is a recently discovered developmental innovation of these bacteria, that involves the rapid expansion of a structured colony on solid surfaces. Nutrient availability impacts exploration dynamics, and we have found that glycerol can dramatically increase exploration rates and alter the metabolic output of exploring colonies. We show here that glycerol-mediated growth acceleration is accompanied by distinct transcriptional signatures and by the activation of otherwise cryptic metabolites including the orange-pigmented coproporphyrin, the antibiotic chloramphenicol, and the uncommon, alternative siderophore foroxymithine. Exploring cultures are also known to produce the well-characterized desferrioxamine siderophore. Mutational studies of single and double siderophore mutants revealed functional redundancy when strains were cultured on their own; however, loss of the alternative foroxymithine siderophore imposed a more profound fitness penalty than loss of desferrioxamine during coculture with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Notably, the two siderophores displayed distinct localization patterns, with desferrioxamine being confined within the colony area, and foroxymithine diffusing well beyond the colony boundary. The relative fitness advantage conferred by the alternative foroxymithine siderophore was abolished when the siderophore piracy capabilities of S. cerevisiae were eliminated (S. cerevisiae encodes a ferrioxamine-specific transporter). Our work suggests that exploring Streptomyces colonies can engage in nutrient-targeted metabolic arms races, deploying alternative siderophores that allow them to successfully outcompete other microbes for the limited bioavailable iron during coculture.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | File | Description |
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