This paper deals with the properties of a two-locus model constructed according to the lifecycle of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In addition to the mating-type locus with two alleles, a second locus with two alleles was assumed. Further, we considered that the population can be composed of haploid and diploid cells.Of the population parameters involved in this model, there will be considered the influence of different mating-abilities of haploids on the population structure with regard to linkage and linkage disequilibrium.The main results are as follows: Assuming that more than two spores per ascus are formed which are able to mate, the frequencies of the mating-type alleles will adjust to a ratio of 1∶1. If the number of spores is less than two, the rare mating-type allele will be displaced by the common one. Under these conditions there is no change in the allele frequencies of the second locus unless the population is in a linkage disequilibrium. In this case the degree of the frequency change in the second locus depends on the difference in the ratio of the mating-types at the beginning, the linkage disequilibrium and the kind of linkage of the two loci. Differing mating-ability of the haploid genotypes has no influence on the equilibrium frequency of the mating-type locus. Under the assumption of multiplicative gene action the equilibrium allele frequencies of the second locus are strongly influenced by the epistatic component of the mating-ability. A permanent linkage disequilibrium can be maintained by distinct epistatic values, which increases with tighter linkage.If there is a permanent linkage disequilibrium, population fitness will not always reach its maximum.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Eigenschaften eines Zwei-Locus-Modells untersucht, dem der Generationszyklus der Hefe, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, als Grundlage diente. Neben dem Paarungstyplocus mit seinen beiden Allelen a und α ist ein zweiter Locus mit zwei Allelen angenommen worden. Es wurde berücksichtigt, daß die Population sowohl aus haploiden als auch aus diploiden Individuen bestehen kann. Von den theoretisch möglichen wirksamen Populationsparametern wurden hier zunächst nur die Paarungsfähigkeit der Haploiden und die Koppelung in ihrem Einfluß auf die Populationsstruktur unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Koppelungsgleichgewichtes untersucht. Es ergaben sich folgende Zusammenhänge: Unter der Voraussetzung, daß mehr als zwei Sporen pro Ascus entstehen, die die Fähigkeit zur Paarung besitzen, stellt sich ein Verhältnis der Paarungstypenallele von 1:1 ein.Ist die Anzahl der Sporen pro Ascus kleiner als zwei, so wird das seltene Paarungstypallel durch das häufigere verdrängt.Die Allelfrequenzen eines zweiten Locus ändern sich unter diesen Bedingungen nicht, es sei denn, daß in der Ausgangspopulation ein Koppelungsungleichgewicht bestanden hat. Das Ausmaß der Änderung ist dann davon abhängig, wie groß die Differenz der Frequenzen der Paarungstypallele in der Ausgangspopulation und der Gleichgewichtspopulation ist, wie groß das anfängliche Koppelungsungleichgewicht ist und wie eng beide Loci gekoppelt sind.Wenn die verschiedenen haploiden Genotypen eine unterschiedliche Paarungsfähigkeit besitzen, hat dies auf die Gleichgewichtsfrequenz der Paarungstypenallele keinen Einfluß. Die Frequenzen der Allele des zweiten Locus sind im Gleichgewicht bei Annahme multiplikativer Genwirkung jedoch stark von der epistatischen Komponente der Paarungsfähigkeit abhängig. Bei bestimmten Werten für E wird ein permanentes Koppelungsgleichgewicht aufrechterhalten, das mit zunehmender Kopplung größer wird.Die Populationsfitness erreicht bei permanentem Koppelungsgleichgewicht nicht immer ihr Maximum.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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