There is increased evidence for the importance of autophagy as a membrane trafficking mechanism that delivers cytoplasmic constituents into the lysosome/vacuole for bulk protein degradation. In this review, we introduce the in vivo role of autophagy in mammals. Recently, we generated conditional-knockout mice of Atg7, an essential gene for autophagy in yeast. Atg7 disruption resulted in impairment of starvation-induced protein degradation in the adult liver, and Atg7-null mice died within 1 day after birth, associated with low concentrations of plasma amino acids as well as the other autophagy-essential gene, Atg5. Furthermore, loss of Atg7 led to pleiotropic defects, in particular, accumulation of abnormal organelles and ubiquitin-positive inclusions without obvious failure of proteasome function. These results indicate the important role of autophagy in starvation response and the quality control of proteins and organelles in quiescent cells.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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