Genes at two unlinked loci (Tox1A and Tox1B) are required for production of the polyketide T-toxin by Cochliobolus heterostrophus race T, a pathogenic fungus that requires T-toxin for high virulence to maize with T-cytoplasm. Previous work indicated that Tox1A encodes a polyketide synthase (PKS1) required for T-toxin biosynthesis and for high virulence. To identify genes at Tox1B, a wild-type race T cDNA library was screened for genes missing in the genome of a Tox1B deletion mutant. The library was probed, first with a 415-kb NotI restriction fragment from the genome of the Tox1B mutant, then with the corresponding 560-kb fragment from the genome of wild type. Two genes, DEC1 (similar to acetoacetate decarboxylase-encoding genes) and RED1 (similar to genes encoding members of the medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily), were recovered. Targeted disruption of DEC1 drastically reduced both T-toxin production and virulence of race T to T-cytoplasm maize, whereas specific inactivation of RED1 had no apparent effect on T-toxin production (as determined by bioassay) or on virulence. DEC1 and RED1 map within 1.5 kb of each other on Tox1B chromosome 6;12 and are unique to the genome of race T, an observation consistent with the hypothesis that these genes were acquired by C. heterostrophus via a horizontal transfer event.

• PMID: 12236595
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Journal Article | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Authors

Rose MS, Yun SH, Asvarak T, Lu SW, Yoder OC, Turgeon BG

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