MMS22 / YLR320W Overview
- Standard Name
- MMS22 1
- Systematic Name
- YLR320W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000004312
- Aliases
- SLM2 2
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Subunit of E3 ubiquitin ligase complex involved in replication repair; stabilizes protein components of replication fork, such as fork-pausing complex and leading strand polymerase, preventing fork collapse and promoting efficient recovery during replication stress; Rtt101p-Mms22p ligase associates with replisome complex during S phase via Ctf4p; required for accurate meiotic chromosome segregation 1 2 3 4 5 6
- Name Description
- Methyl MethaneSulfonate sensitivity 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
- Summary
- MMS22/YLR320W is located on the right arm of chromosome XII; coding sequence is 4365 nucleotides long with 30 SNPs, 10 of which cause amino acid polymorphisms
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Mms22p is 1454 amino acids long, extremely low in abundance; contains disordered regions near N-terminus; phosphorylated on 8 residues
- Length (a.a.)
- 1454
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 167660.3
- Isoelectric Point
- 6.12
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 406 +/- 39
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all MMS22 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Subunit of Cul8-RING ubiquitin ligase complex that is involved in DNA double-strand break and recombinational repair, meitoic sister chromatid segregation, replication fork processing and cellular response to DNA damage
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables molecular function unknown (ND)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in DNA damage response (IMP)
- involved in double-strand break repair (IMP)
- involved in meiotic sister chromatid segregation (IMP)
- involved in recombinational repair (IMP)
- involved in replication fork processing (IMP)
Cellular Component
- Manually Curated
- part of Cul8-RING ubiquitin ligase complex (IDA)
- located in nucleus (IDA)
Complex
Macromolecular complex annotations are imported from the Complex Portal. These annotations have been derived from physical molecular interaction evidence extracted from the literature and cross-referenced in the entry, or by curator inference from information on homologs in closely related species or by inference from scientific background.
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- MMS22/YLR320W is a non-essential gene in reference strain S288C. Null mutants are viable with numerous defects, including abnormal bud morphology and vacuolar structure, increased cell size and nucleolar size, decreased competitive fitness, and reduced resistance to desiccation, heat, hyperosmotic stress, oxidative stress, and X-ray exposure. Null mutants exhibit impaired endocytosis, slower fermentative growth, decreased respiratory growth, reduced vegetative growth rates, increased prion formation, a shorter replicative lifespan, increased colony sectoring, and abnormalities in meiosis. Overexpression of MMS22 results in an arrest of cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase transition. Repression of the gene accelerates cell cycle progression through the G2/M phase transition.
Classical Genetics
- null
- bud morphology: abnormal
- chromosome/plasmid maintenance: abnormal
- colony sectoring: increased
- innate thermotolerance: decreased
- meiosis: abnormal
- metal resistance: decreased
- mitotic recombination: decreased
- mitotic recombination: normal
- oxidative stress resistance: decreased
- replicative lifespan: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- vegetative growth: decreased
- X ray resistance: decreased
- overexpression
- repressible
- null
- auxotrophy
- bud morphology: abnormal
- cell size: increased
- chemical compound accumulation: abnormal
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: increased
- chromosome/plasmid maintenance: abnormal
- competitive fitness: decreased
- desiccation resistance: decreased
- endocytosis: decreased
- fermentative growth: decreased rate
- heat sensitivity: increased
- hyperosmotic stress resistance: decreased
- prion formation: increased
- protein/peptide accumulation: increased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- resistance to enzymatic treatment: decreased
- respiratory growth: absent
- respiratory growth: decreased
- size of nucleolus: increased
- toxin resistance: decreased
- transposable element transposition: decreased
- transposable element transposition: increased
- vacuolar morphology: abnormal
- vegetative growth: decreased rate
- viable
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- Mms22p interacts physically with proteins involved in rRNA processing; MMS22 interacts genetically with genes involved in DNA repair
1518 total interactions for 1080 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 630
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 3
- Affinity Capture-Western: 22
- Co-crystal Structure: 1
- Protein-peptide: 1
- Reconstituted Complex: 2
- Two-hybrid: 11
Genetic Interactions
- Dosage Growth Defect: 2
- Dosage Lethality: 1
- Dosage Rescue: 2
- Negative Genetic: 549
- Phenotypic Enhancement: 2
- Phenotypic Suppression: 4
- Positive Genetic: 73
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 151
- Synthetic Lethality: 51
- Synthetic Rescue: 13
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Regulators
- 6
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2025-08-08
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.