Increased exposure to nickel compounds and alloys due to industrial development has resulted in nickel pollution and many pathological effects on human health. However, there is very limited information about nickel response, transport, and tolerance in eukaryotes. To investigate nickel resistance in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae, evolutionary engineering by batch selection under gradually increasing nickel stress levels was performed. Nickel hyper-resistant mutants that could resist up to 5.3 mM NiCl2 , a lethal level for the reference strain, were selected. The mutants were also cross-resistant against iron, cobalt, zinc, and manganese stresses and accumulated more than twofold higher nickel than the reference strain. Global transcriptomic analysis revealed that 640 upregulated genes were related to iron homeostasis, stress response, and oxidative damage, implying that nickel resistance may share common mechanisms with iron and cobalt resistance, general stress response, and oxidative damage.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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