Survival of environmental stress conditions requires the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. To preserve this balance, cells utilize a degradative mechanism known as autophagy. During this process, in response to starvation or other stresses, bulk cytoplasm is non-specifically sequestered within double-membrane vesicles and delivered to the lysosome/vacuole for subsequent degradation and recycling. The cytoplasm to vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway is a type of specific autophagy, which occurs constitutively during growing conditions. Here, we examine three autophagy-related (Atg) proteins, Atg9, Atg23 and Atg27, which exhibit a unique localization pattern, residing both at the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) and other peripheral sites. These proteins colocalize, interact with one another in vivo, and form a functional complex. Furthermore, all three proteins cycle between the PAS and the other sites, and depend upon one another for this movement. Our data suggest that Atg9, Atg23 and Atg27 play a role in Atg protein retrieval from the PAS. In addition, Atg9 and Atg27 are the only known integral membrane Atg proteins involved in vesicle formation; a better understanding of their function may offer insight into the mechanism of membrane delivery to the PAS, the site of double-membrane vesicle assembly.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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