The signal systems of the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, coupled to heterotrimeric G-proteins and sensitive to pheromones and alimentary molecules, are prototypes of hormonal signal systems of the higher vertebrate animals and are widely used in studies on molecular mechanisms of their functioning. This review summarizes and analyzes data on structural-functional organization of the first two components of these systems - receptors of the serpentine type and heterotrimeric G-proteins; mechanisms of functional coupling of receptors and G-proteins both between each other and to other signal proteins are discussed. It has been shown that at the early stages of evolution of signal systems, at the yeast level, various models of transduction of signals into the cell were tested; many of them differ essentially from the classic model of the three-component, G-protein-coupled signal system of the higher vertebrates.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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