Two thioredoxin genes from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were cloned using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. The DNA sequences of the two genes were found to be 74% identical. The two genes, designated TRX1 and TRX2, were mutagenized in vitro and used to construct a set of thioredoxin deletion mutants. The loss of either thioredoxin gene alone has no effect on cell growth or morphology. However, the simultaneous deletion of both thioredoxin genes profoundly affects the cell cycle. S phase is 3-fold longer, and G1 is virtually absent. In addition, the thioredoxin double mutant shows a 33% increase in generation time, a significant increase in cell size, and a greater proportion of large budded cells. The results suggest that in the absence of TRX1 and TRX2, a slow rate of DNA replication inhibits the normal progress of cellular reproduction. Surprisingly, the loss of both thioredoxins also leads to methionine auxotrophy. Thus yeast glutaredoxin is unable to substitute for thioredoxin in sulfate assimilation. As a first step in studying the cell cycle control mechanisms that respond to the thioredoxin deficiency, it was shown that cell viability does not require the function of RAD9, a known cell cycle checkpoint.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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