The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family comprises molecules that block the activity of pro-apoptotic caspase proteases. Paradoxically, yeasts contain IAP proteins but no caspases and no apoptotic program. To determine the function of these proteins in vivo, we disrupted the BIR1 gene, encoding the only known IAP in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sporulation of heterozygous diploids yielded no viable mutant haploids, indicating that BIR1 is an essential gene. By flow cytometry, some heterozygous mutants were polyploid accumulating >4 N DNA content. These cells exhibited a 20-40% reduction in growth rate, which was rescued by plasmid-borne over-expression of BIR1 but not by its human counterpart, survivin. Deletion analysis revealed that the N-terminal domain of Bir1, containing the conserved baculovirus IAP repeat, was able to partially complement the cell growth defect caused by BIR1 deletion. Moreover, the full-length and truncated forms of Bir1 accelerated cell division in wild-type cells. Finally, BIR1 heterozygous mutants exhibited grossly altered cell morphology with misshapen or abnormally long buds connected to an unusually large mother cell. These findings identify a novel function of IAP proteins in the pleiotropic control of cell division, in addition to their role in the suppression of apoptosis.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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