Protein-promoted DNA strand exchange requires formation of an active presynaptic complex between the DNA-pairing protein and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Formation of such a contiguous filament is stimulated by a ssDNA-binding protein. Here, the effects of replication protein A (RPA) on presynaptic complex formation and DNA strand exchange activities of Rad51 protein were examined. Presynaptic complex formation was assessed by measuring ATP hydrolysis. With phiX174 ssDNA, the ATPase activity of Rad51 protein is stimulated approximately 1.4-fold by RPA, provided that Rad51 protein is in excess of the ssDNA concentration; otherwise, RPA inhibits ATPase activity. In contrast, with ssDNA devoid of secondary structure (poly(dT), poly(dA), poly(dI), and etheno-M13 DNA), RPA does not stimulate the already elevated ATPase activity of Rad51 protein, but inhibits activity at low Rad51 protein concentrations. These results suggest that Rad51 protein and RPA exclude one another from ssDNA by competing for the same binding sites and that RPA exerts its effect on presynaptic complex formation by eliminating secondary structure to which Rad51 protein is bound nonproductively. DNA strand exchange catalyzed by Rad51 protein is also greatly stimulated by RPA. The optimal stoichiometry for stimulation is approximately 20-30 nucleotides of ssDNA/RPA heterotrimer. The ssDNA-binding protein of Escherichia coli can substitute for RPA, showing that the role of RPA is not specific. We conclude that RPA affects both presynaptic complex formation and DNA strand exchange via changes in DNA structure, employing the same mechanism used by the ssDNA-binding protein to effect change in E. coli RecA protein activity.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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