Background: The 'Rieske' iron-sulfur protein is the primary electron acceptor during hydroquinone oxidation in cytochrome bc complexes. The spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of the 'Rieske' [2Fe-2S] cluster differ significantly from those of other iron-sulfur clusters. A 129-residue water soluble fragment containing the intact [2Fe-2S] cluster was isolated following proteolytic digestion of the bc1 complex and used for structural studies.
Results: The structure of the Rieske iron-sulfur fragment containing the reduced [2Fe-2S] cluster has been determined using the multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) technique and refined at 1.5 A resolution. The fragment has a novel overall fold that includes three sheets of beta strands. The iron atoms of the [2Fe-2S] cluster are coordinated by two cysteine (Fe-1) and two histidine (Fe-2) residues, respectively, with the histidine ligands completely exposed to the solvent. This is in contrast to the four cysteine coordination pattern observed in previously characterised [2Fe-2S] ferredoxins. The cluster-binding fold is formed by two loops connected by a disulfide bridge; these loops superpose with the metal-binding loops of rubredoxins. The environment of the cluster is stabilised by an extensive hydrogen-bond network.
Conclusions: The high-resolution structure supports the proposed coordination pattern involving histidine ligands and provides a basis for a detailed analysis of the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties. As the cluster is located at the tip of the protein, it might come into close contact with cytochrome b. The exposed N epsilon atoms of the histidine ligands of the cluster are readily accessible to quinones and inhibitors within the hydroquinone oxidation (QP) pocket of the bc1 complex and may undergo redox-dependent protonation/deprotonation.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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