Aims: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an emerging signaling molecule with diverse regulatory functions. Despite its significance, the spatial and temporal organization of H2O2 signals within cells is basically unknown. Our limited knowledge about H2O2 signals is largely due to the lack of appropriate techniques for measuring intracellular H2O2. The aim of the current study was to develop novel fluorescent reporter proteins for the measurement of intracellular H2O2.
Results: We developed two novel, fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based redox probes that undergo opposite emission ratio changes upon exposure to H2O2. We have successfully used these sensors to measure H2O2 production by NADPH oxidases (Nox). Moreover, we targeted these probes to specific cellular compartments or incorporated them into oxidase complexes to detect H2O2 at different, well-defined loci.
Innovation: Studying Nox2- and dual oxidase 1 (Duox1)-expressing cells, we provide the first analysis of how NADPH-oxidase generated H2O2 signals radiate within and between cells.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that H2O2 produced by Noxs can induce redox changes in the intracellular milieu of Nox/Duox-expressing cells while simultaneously transmitting paracrine effects to neighboring cells.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | File | Description |
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