The bZIP structural motif present in several eukaryotic transcription factors is defined by the leucine zipper, a coiled-coil dimerization interface, and an adjacent basic region that directly interacts with DNA. To examine the functional importance of the highly conserved spacing between the leucine zipper and the basic region, we have analyzed the DNA-binding ability of yeast GCN4 proteins containing amino acid insertions between these two subdomains. Proteins containing a surprisingly wide variety of seven-amino acid insertions, but none containing two-, four-, or six-amino acid insertions, are functional. However, heterodimers between wild-type GCN4 and functional derivatives containing seven amino acid insertions are unable to bind DNA. These observations provide strong experimental support for several aspects of the scissors grip and induced fork models for DNA-binding by bZIP proteins. Specifically, they demonstrate that continuous alpha-helices symmetrically diverging from the leucine zipper correctly position the two basic regions for specific binding to abutting DNA half-sites. In addition, the results indicate that GCN4 homodimers are primarily responsible for transcriptional activation in yeast cells.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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