Recombinant single-chain fragment variable anti-idiotypic antibodies were produced to represent the internal image of HM-1 killer toxin and were used as novel and effective antifungal agents to inhibit in vitro beta-1,3-glucan synthase and cell growth. The mechanism of cytocidal activity of anti-idiotypic antibodies was investigated and was compared with the actions of aculeacin A and papulacandin B, the most common antibiotics acting as beta-1,3-glucan synthase inhibitors. The degree of inhibition of beta-1,3-glucan synthase by both antibodies and antibiotics were examined for yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae A451, Cryptococcus albidus NBRC 0612 and Candida albicans IFM 40215. Although the mechanism of actions of the anti-idiotypic antibodies and antibiotics seems identical, the IC(50) values for the various yeasts used in this study confirmed that anti-idiotypic antibodies could be used as more effective fungal beta-1,3-glucan synthase inhibitors than those of antibiotics.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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