The glutathione-mediated pathway for the detoxification of endogenously and exogenously derived toxic compounds was investigated using a pigment that accumulates in certain adenine biosynthetic mutants of yeasts. The ade1 / ade2 mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, when grown on adenine-limiting medium, accumulate a characteristic red pigment (ade pigment) in their vacuoles. The precursors of the ade pigments are toxic intermediates that form conjugates with glutathione, followed by their transport inside the vacuole. In this study, this red pigment was used as a phenotypic screen to obtain insight regarding new genes involved in the three phases of this detoxification pathway: the activation phase (phase I), the conjugation phase (phase II), and the efflux phase (phase III). Components of the phase III (efflux) pathway which includes, in addition to the previously characterized Ycf1p and Bpt1p, another member of the 'Ycf1p family', Bat1p, as well as a vacuolar H(+)-ATPase-dependent transport were identified. In the investigation of phase II (conjugation), it was found that glutathione S-transferases, encoded by GTT1 and GTT2,do not appear to play a role in this process. By contrast, two other previously characterized genes, the oxidative stress transcription factor gene, SKN7, and the yeast caesin protein kinase gene, YCK1, of S. cerevisiae do participate in this pathway.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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