Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (Ubc) variants share structural similarity with Ubcs but lack the essential cysteine residue required to form a thioester bond with ubiquitin. Yeast Mms2 is a Ubc variant and plays an important role in error-free DNA postreplication repair to protect cells from killing by DNA damaging agents and mutagenesis. Ironically, one of two known Mms2 homologs, CROC1, has been linked to cell immortalization and tumorigenesis. To further investigate cellular roles played by mammalian Mms2 homologs, we report here the molecular cloning, tissue distribution and functional characterization of two mouse cDNAs encoding mMMS2 and mCROC1. Unlike human CROC1, the mCROC1 gene does not encode two alternative transcripts in most tissues. Instead, nonoverlapping sequences were found in two distinct cDNA clones that together would constitute a full-length open reading frame homologous to CROC1B. Both mMMS2 and the C-terminal mCROC1 core domain are able to complement the yeast mms2 mutant functionally and are able to interact with Ubc13 in a yeast two-hybrid assay, indicating that they are true yeast Mms2 homologs and may play a similar role in DNA postreplication repair. We propose several hypotheses to reconcile the seemingly contradictory observations regarding roles of the two mammalian Mms2 homologs in tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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