In Escherichia coli, tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase is known to esterify tRNA(Tyr) with tyrosine. Resulting d-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) can be hydrolyzed by a d-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase. By monitoring E. coli growth in liquid medium, we systematically searched for other d-amino acids, the toxicity of which might be exacerbated by the inactivation of the gene encoding d-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase. In addition to the already documented case of d-tyrosine, positive responses were obtained with d-tryptophan, d-aspartate, d-serine, and d-glutamine. In agreement with this observation, production of d-Asp-tRNA(Asp) and d-Trp-tRNA(Trp) by aspartyl-tRNA synthetase and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, respectively, was established in vitro. Furthermore, the two d-aminoacylated tRNAs behaved as substrates of purified E. coli d-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase. These results indicate that an unexpected high number of d-amino acids can impair the bacterium growth through the accumulation of d-aminoacyl-tRNA molecules and that d-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase has a specificity broad enough to recycle any of these molecules. The same strategy of screening was applied using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase of which also produces d-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr), and which, like E. coli, possesses a d-Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase activity. In this case, inhibition of growth by the various 19 d-amino acids was followed on solid medium. Two isogenic strains containing or not the deacylase were compared. Toxic effects of d-tyrosine and d-leucine were reinforced upon deprivation of the deacylase. This observation suggests that, in yeast, at least two d-amino acids succeed in being transferred onto tRNAs and that, like in E. coli, the resulting two d-aminoacyl-tRNAs are substrates of a same d-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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