Implication of His-to-Asp and/or Asp-to-His (His-Asp) phosphorelay has been recently reported in signal transduction pathways initiated by ethylene and cytokinin. These signaling systems are generally composed of sensor His-protein kinases, His-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) domains, and response regulator domains. In this study, we isolated maize cDNAs, designated as ZmRR2 and ZmHP2, which encode a response regulator domain and HPt domain, respectively, and we identified their His-to-Asp phosphotransfer activity in vitro. The putative translated product of ZmRR2 was highly similar to that of ZmRR1 (78% identity), a maize response regulator homologue. The putative translated product of ZmHP2 showed similarity to that of HPt domains from Arabidopsis thaliana (AHP1-AHP3: 44 to 47% identity) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Ypdlp: 24% identity). In vitro experiments demonstrated that the putative signaling factors can transfer the phosphoryl group from His-80 of ZmHP2 to Asp-90 of ZmRRs. Treating detached leaves with t-zeatin or supplying inorganic nitrogen to the whole plant induced the accumulation of ZmRR1 and ZmRR2 transcripts. On the other hand, the steady-state transcript level of ZmHP2 was not affected by cytokinin or inorganic nitrogen sources. These results indicate that His-Asp phosphotransfer may be involved in the transduction of nitrogen signals mediated by cytokinin, and that multiple response regulators participate in the signaling pathways.
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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