ATG18 / YFR021W Overview
- Standard Name
- ATG18 1
- Systematic Name
- YFR021W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000001917
- Aliases
- CVT18 17 , AUT10 2 , SVP1 4 , NMR1 30
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Phosphoinositide binding protein; required for vesicle formation in autophagy and the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (CVT) pathway; binds PtdIns(3,5)P2, PI3P and PI4P; WD-40 repeat-containing protein and PROPPIN family member; relocalizes from the vacuole to cytoplasm upon replication stress; forms higher order helical assemblies; mammalian homologs include: WIPI1, WIPI2, WIPI3 and WDR45; human WDR45 mutations cause static encephalopathy of childhood with neurodegeneration in adulthood (SENDA) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
- Name Description
- AuTophaGy related 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Length (a.a.)
- 500
- Mol. Weight (Da)
- 55089.7
- Isoelectric Point
- 5.2
- Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
- 1929 +/- 876
- Half-life (hr)
- 10.0
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results. Click "YeastMine" to view all alleles in YeastMine.
View all ATG18 alleles in SGD search | YeastMine
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Subunit of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that binds phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate and ubiquitin; involved in macroautophagy, cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (CVT) pathway late nucleophagy, peroxisomal degradation, piecemeal microautophagy of nucleus, vacuolar protein processing and late endosome to vacuole transport; localizes to the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS)
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate binding (IDA)
- enables phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding (IDA)
- enables phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate binding (IDA)
- enables ubiquitin binding (IDA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in cytoplasm to vacuole targeting by the Cvt pathway (IDA, IMP)
- involved in late endosome to vacuole transport (IMP)
- involved in macroautophagy (IDA, IMP)
- involved in nucleophagy (IMP)
- involved in pexophagy (IMP)
- involved in piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus (IMP)
- involved in positive regulation of vacuole organization (IMP)
- involved in vacuolar protein processing (IDA, IMP)
Cellular Component
- Manually Curated
- located in cell periphery (HDA)
- located in cytosol (IDA)
- located in endosome (IDA)
- located in fungal-type vacuole membrane (IDA, HDA)
- part of PAS complex (IDA, IPI)
- located in phagophore (IDA)
- located in phagophore assembly site (IDA)
Complex
Macromolecular complex annotations are imported from the Complex Portal. These annotations have been derived from physical molecular interaction evidence extracted from the literature and cross-referenced in the entry, or by curator inference from information on homologs in closely related species or by inference from scientific background.
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Non-essential gene; null mutant shows no autophagy, pexophagy or mitophagy, increased sensitivity to nitrogen starvation and is unable to sporulate; also shows abnormal vacuolar morphology and decreased rate of respiratory growth
Classical Genetics
- null
- autophagy: absent
- autophagy: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: increased
- inviable
- late nucleophagy: absent
- metal resistance: decreased
- mitophagy: absent
- nuclear morphology: abnormal
- pexophagy: absent
- protein/peptide accumulation: increased
- protein/peptide modification: absent
- protein/peptide modification: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- respiratory growth: absent
- respiratory growth: decreased rate
- silencing: decreased
- sporulation: absent
- subcellular morphology: abnormal
- utilization of carbon source: decreased
- vacuolar morphology: abnormal
- viability: decreased
- overexpression
- reduction of function
- null
- chemical compound accumulation: abnormal
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chronological lifespan: decreased
- competitive fitness: decreased
- competitive fitness: increased
- desiccation resistance: decreased
- haploproficient
- meiosis: abnormal
- oxidative stress resistance: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- reticulophagy: decreased
- silencing: decreased
- sporulation efficiency: decreased
- sporulation: absent
- toxin resistance: increased
- vacuolar morphology: abnormal
- viable
- overexpression
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
290 total interactions for 205 unique genes
Physical Interactions
- Affinity Capture-MS: 32
- Affinity Capture-RNA: 1
- Affinity Capture-Western: 29
- Biochemical Activity: 7
- Co-crystal Structure: 1
- Co-fractionation: 1
- Co-localization: 2
- Co-purification: 2
- PCA: 2
- Proximity Label-MS: 5
- Reconstituted Complex: 7
- Two-hybrid: 22
Genetic Interactions
- Negative Genetic: 123
- Phenotypic Enhancement: 3
- Phenotypic Suppression: 4
- Positive Genetic: 41
- Synthetic Growth Defect: 5
- Synthetic Lethality: 3
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Regulators
- 4
- Targets
- 0
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2008-04-25
Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review). Click "Literature Details" to view all literature information for this locus, including shared literature between genes.