TAF14/YPL129W Summary Help

Standard Name TAF14 1 (see Nomenclature conflict Note)
Systematic Name YPL129W
Alias SWP29 2 , TAF30 3 , TFG3 3 , ANC1 4
Feature Type ORF, Verified
Description Subunit of TFIID, TFIIF, INO80, SWI/SNF, and NuA3 complexes, involved in RNA polymerase II transcription initiation and in chromatin modification; contains a YEATS domain (1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and see Summary Paragraph)
Name Description TATA binding protein-Associated Factor
Gene Product Alias TafII30
Chromosomal Location
ChrXVI:305298 to 306137 | ORF Map | GBrowse
Gbrowse
Gene Ontology Annotations All TAF14 GO evidence and references
  View Computational GO annotations for TAF14
Molecular Function
Manually curated
Biological Process
Manually curated
Cellular Component
Manually curated
Mutant phenotypes All TAF14 Phenotype evidence and references
Classical genetics
conditional
null
Large-scale survey
null
overexpression
Resources
interactions All TAF14 Interaction evidence and references
429 total interaction(s) for 234 unique genes/features.
Physical Interactions
  • Affinity Capture-MS: 200
  • Affinity Capture-RNA: 3
  • Affinity Capture-Western: 41
  • Co-crystal Structure: 1
  • Co-localization: 2
  • Co-purification: 11
  • PCA: 5
  • Reconstituted Complex: 8
  • Two-hybrid: 9
Genetic Interactions
  • Dosage Rescue: 4
  • Negative Genetic: 72
  • Phenotypic Enhancement: 8
  • Positive Genetic: 46
  • Synthetic Growth Defect: 8
  • Synthetic Haploinsufficiency: 1
  • Synthetic Lethality: 10
Resources
Expression Summary
histogram
Resources
Protein Information All TAF14 Protein evidence and references
Localization
Phosphorylation PhosphoGRID | PhosphoPep Database
Structure
Homologs
sequence information
ChrXVI:305298 to 306137 | ORF Map | GBrowse
SGD ORF map
Last Update Coordinates: 2011-02-03 | Sequence: 1996-07-31
Subfeature details
Relative
Coordinates		 Chromosomal
Coordinates		 Most Recent Updates
Coordinates Sequence
CDS 1..9 305298..305306 2011-02-03 1996-07-31
Intron 10..114 305307..305411 2011-02-03 1996-07-31
CDS 115..840 305412..306137 2011-02-03 1996-07-31
Retrieve sequences
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
S288C vs. other species
S288C vs. other strains
Resources
External Links All Associated Seq | Entrez Gene | Entrez RefSeq Protein | MIPS | Search all NCBI (Entrez) | UniProtKB
Primary SGDIDS000006050

NOMENCLATURE CONFLICT NOTE

NameRelevanceDescription
AAC1Nomenclature conflictANC1 has been used to refer to both AAC1/YMR056C, which encodes a mitochondrial ADP/ATP translocator, and TAF14/YPL129W, which encodes a transcription factor subunit.
SUMMARY PARAGRAPH for TAF14

Taf14p is a component of a number of different complexes, including mediator, transcription factor TFIID, the nucleosomal histone H3 acetyltransferase (NuA3), INO80, and also SWI/SNF, which actually contains three copies of Taf14p (11, 12, 13, 2, 14, 6, 15, 16). Taf14p is also a component of the transcription factor TFIIF complex, but is less tightly associated with TFIIF than its other components (Tfg1p or Tfg2p) and is not essential for TFIIF functions (3). Taf14p interacts directly with catalytic proteins Tfg1p (TFIIF) and Sth1p (RSC complex), and appears to interact with the catalytic subunits (Taf2p, Ino80p, and Sas3p) of other complexes that participate in RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription initiation (TFIID, INO80, and NuA3 complexes). Taf14p is required for efficient transcription in yeast, which suggests that Taf14p has a common regulatory function in each of these complexes (17). Taf14p is also important for bud morphogenesis, mating projection formation, actin function, and Spa2p localization, and may be involved in the negative regulation of chromatin silencing (18, 19). Taf14p may also affect the cell cycle arrest functions of RAD53 and MEC1 (20). TAF14 contains an intron whose splicing is dependent on Cdc40p, and the cell cycle arrest phenotype of cdc40 null mutants can be suppressed by expression of TAF14 cDNA (21, 22). taf14 null mutants are viable, but grow slowly on rich media and display decreased transcription, defects in actin organization, increased osmosensitivity, heat sensitivity and sensitivity to caffeine, hydroxyurea, UV, and methyl methanesulfonate (4, 3, 18, 2, 10).

Taf14p contains a YEATS domain, which is also found in Yaf9p and Sas5p, and taf14 sas5 yaf9 triple null mutants are inviable, suggesting that YEATS domain family proteins are essential. Human members of the YEATS domain family include GAS41 (amplification of which is associated with low-grade gliomas), and MLLT1 and EPS15, both of which have been implicated in acute leukemia (2, 18, 23, 24, 10). Taf14p is also similar to Schizosaccharomyces pombe Tgf3p (25).

By regulating the structure of chromatin, chromatin remodeling complexes, all of which contain an ATPase as a central motor subunit, perform critical functions in the maintenance, transmission, and expression of eukaryotic genomes. The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is involved in DNA replication, stress response, and transcription, and binds DNA nonspecifically, altering nucleosome structure to facilitate binding of transcription factors. For some genes, transcriptional activators are able to target the SWI/SNF complex to upstream activation sequences (UAS) in the promoter. The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex family contains two evolutionary conserved subclasses of chromatin remodeling factors, one subfamily includes yeast SWI/SNF, fly BAP, and mammalian BAF, and the other subfamily includes yeast RSC (Remodel the Structure of Chromatin), fly PBAP, and mammalian PBAF (26, 27, 5, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54).

It appears that some human SWI/SNF subunits act as tumor suppressors and there is also evidence that human SWI/SNF subunits are involved in controlling cell growth via their interaction with other tumor suppressors (55). Expression of adenovirus E1A oncoproteins, which are regulators of cellular and viral transcription, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the function of the SWI/SNF complex, and expression of E1A in wild-type cells leads to a specific loss of SWI/SNF dependent transcription. These results suggest that the SWI/SNF complex is a target of these oncoproteins in mammalian cells and that the disruption of normal cell cycle control by E1A may be due in part to altered activity of the SWI/SNF complex (56).

About TFIID

TFIID is a transcription factor complex that is required for RNAPII-mediated transcription of protein-coding genes and some small nuclear RNAs (reviewed in 57). The complex is composed of Spt15p (TATA binding protein; TBP) and 14 TBP-associated factors (TAFs): Taf1p, Taf2p, Taf3p, Taf4p, Taf5p, Taf6p, Taf7p, Taf8p, Taf9p, Taf10p, Taf11p, Taf12p, Taf13p, Taf14p (58, 59). The TFIID complex is required for basal transcription, but some individual subunits regulate the activated transcription of a subset of genes (60, 61, 62, 63, 64).

Recognition of promoter DNA by the TFIID complex is required for the formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) during transcription initiation (65, 66). The interaction between the TFIID complex and the promoter is stabilized by TFIIA (66, 67). The recruitment of TFIID to promoters is dependent on an upstream activating sequence in the promoter region (68).

A subset of the TAFs (Taf5p, Taf6p, Taf9p, Taf10p, and Taf12p) are subunits of both TFIID and the the Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltransferase (SAGA) transcriptional regulatory complex, which functions in nucleosomal histone acetylation and chromatin-associated transcriptional activation or repression (69, 70, 71). The results of genome-wide studies indicate that TFIID functions primarily at the TATA-less promoters of stress-repressed housekeeping genes, representing about 90% of the yeast genome, while SAGA predominates at highly-regulated, stress-responsive TATA box-containing genes, representing about 10% of the genome (72, 73).

Last updated: 2006-03-24

References cited on this page View Complete Literature Guide for TAF14
1) Tora L  (2002) A unified nomenclature for TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factors (TAFs) involved in RNA polymerase II transcription. Genes Dev 16(6):673-5
2) Cairns BR, et al.  (1996) TFG/TAF30/ANC1, a component of the yeast SWI/SNF complex that is similar to the leukemogenic proteins ENL and AF-9. Mol Cell Biol 16(7):3308-16
3) Henry NL, et al.  (1994) TFIIF-TAF-RNA polymerase II connection. Genes Dev 8(23):2868-78
4) Welch MD, et al.  (1993) Screens for extragenic mutations that fail to complement act1 alleles identify genes that are important for actin function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 135(2):265-74
5) Peterson CL, et al.  (1998) Subunits of the yeast SWI/SNF complex are members of the actin-related protein (ARP) family. J Biol Chem 273(37):23641-4
6) John S, et al.  (2000) The something about silencing protein, Sas3, is the catalytic subunit of NuA3, a yTAF(II)30-containing HAT complex that interacts with the Spt16 subunit of the yeast CP (Cdc68/Pob3)-FACT complex. Genes Dev 14(10):1196-208
7) Hampsey M  (1998) Molecular genetics of the RNA polymerase II general transcriptional machinery. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 62(2):465-503
8) Myer VE and Young RA  (1998) RNA polymerase II holoenzymes and subcomplexes. J Biol Chem 273(43):27757-60
9) Lee TI and Young RA  (2000) Transcription of eukaryotic protein-coding genes. Annu Rev Genet 34:77-137
10) Zhang H, et al.  (2004) The Yaf9 component of the SWR1 and NuA4 complexes is required for proper gene expression, histone H4 acetylation, and Htz1 replacement near telomeres. Mol Cell Biol 24(21):9424-36
11) Henry NL, et al.  (1992) Purification and characterization of yeast RNA polymerase II general initiation factor g. J Biol Chem 267(32):23388-92
12) Kim YJ, et al.  (1994) A multiprotein mediator of transcriptional activation and its interaction with the C-terminal repeat domain of RNA polymerase II. Cell 77(4):599-608
13) Poon D, et al.  (1995) Identification and characterization of a TFIID-like multiprotein complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92(18):8224-8
14) Ranallo RT, et al.  (1999) A TATA-binding protein mutant defective for TFIID complex formation in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 19(6):3951-7
15) Shen X, et al.  (2003) Involvement of actin-related proteins in ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling. Mol Cell 12(1):147-55
16) Smith CL, et al.  (2003) Structural analysis of the yeast SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Nat Struct Biol 10(2):141-5
17) Kabani M, et al.  (2005) Anc1 interacts with the catalytic subunits of the general transcription factors TFIID and TFIIF, the chromatin remodeling complexes RSC and INO80, and the histone acetyltransferase complex NuA3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 332(2):398-403
18) Welch MD and Drubin DG  (1994) A nuclear protein with sequence similarity to proteins implicated in human acute leukemias is important for cellular morphogenesis and actin cytoskeletal function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 5(6):617-32
19) Oki M, et al.  (2004) Barrier proteins remodel and modify chromatin to restrict silenced domains. Mol Cell Biol 24(5):1956-67
20) Li B and Reese JC  (2000) Derepression of DNA damage-regulated genes requires yeast TAF(II)s. EMBO J 19(15):4091-100
21) Clark TA, et al.  (2002) Genomewide analysis of mRNA processing in yeast using splicing-specific microarrays. Science 296(5569):907-10
22) Dahan O and Kupiec M  (2004) The Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene CDC40/PRP17 controls cell cycle progression through splicing of the ANC1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res 32(8):2529-40
23) Debernardi S, et al.  (2002) The MLL fusion partner AF10 binds GAS41, a protein that interacts with the human SWI/SNF complex. Blood 99(1):275-81
24) Osada S, et al.  (2001) The yeast SAS (something about silencing) protein complex contains a MYST-type putative acetyltransferase and functions with chromatin assembly factor ASF1. Genes Dev 15(23):3155-68
25) Kimura M, et al.  (2002) Formation of a carboxy-terminal domain phosphatase (Fcp1)/TFIIF/RNA polymerase II (pol II) complex in Schizosaccharomyces pombe involves direct interaction between Fcp1 and the Rpb4 subunit of pol II. Mol Cell Biol 22(5):1577-88
26) Cairns BR, et al.  (1996) RSC, an essential, abundant chromatin-remodeling complex. Cell 87(7):1249-60
27) Poch O and Winsor B  (1997) Who's who among the Saccharomyces cerevisiae actin-related proteins? A classification and nomenclature proposal for a large family. Yeast 13(11):1053-8
28) Harata M, et al.  (2000) Multiple actin-related proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are present in the nucleus. J Biochem 128(4):665-71
29) Chervitz SA, et al.  (1998) Comparison of the complete protein sets of worm and yeast: orthology and divergence. Science 282(5396):2022-8
30) Cairns BR, et al.  (1994) A multisubunit complex containing the SWI1/ADR6, SWI2/SNF2, SWI3, SNF5, and SNF6 gene products isolated from yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91(5):1950-4
31) Cote J, et al.  (1994) Stimulation of GAL4 derivative binding to nucleosomal DNA by the yeast SWI/SNF complex. Science 265(5168):53-60
32) Peterson CL, et al.  (1994) Five SWI/SNF gene products are components of a large multisubunit complex required for transcriptional enhancement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91(8):2905-8
33) Treich I, et al.  (1995) SNF11, a new component of the yeast SNF-SWI complex that interacts with a conserved region of SNF2. Mol Cell Biol 15(8):4240-8
34) Quinn J, et al.  (1996) DNA-binding properties of the yeast SWI/SNF complex. Nature 379(6568):844-7
35) Owen-Hughes T, et al.  (1996) Persistent site-specific remodeling of a nucleosome array by transient action of the SWI/SNF complex. Science 273(5274):513-6
36) Burns LG and Peterson CL  (1997) The yeast SWI-SNF complex facilitates binding of a transcriptional activator to nucleosomal sites in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 17(8):4811-9
37) Pollard KJ and Peterson CL  (1997) Role for ADA/GCN5 products in antagonizing chromatin-mediated transcriptional repression. Mol Cell Biol 17(11):6212-22
38) Utley RT, et al.  (1997) SWI/SNF stimulates the formation of disparate activator-nucleosome complexes but is partially redundant with cooperative binding. J Biol Chem 272(19):12642-9
39) Bazett-Jones DP, et al.  (1999) The SWI/SNF complex creates loop domains in DNA and polynucleosome arrays and can disrupt DNA-histone contacts within these domains. Mol Cell Biol 19(2):1470-8
40) Neely KE, et al.  (1999) Activation domain-mediated targeting of the SWI/SNF complex to promoters stimulates transcription from nucleosome arrays. Mol Cell 4(4):649-55
41) Natarajan K, et al.  (1999) Transcriptional activation by Gcn4p involves independent interactions with the SWI/SNF complex and the SRB/mediator. Mol Cell 4(4):657-64
42) Steger DJ, et al.  (2003) Regulation of chromatin remodeling by inositol polyphosphates. Science 299(5603):114-6
43) Prochasson P, et al.  (2003) Targeting activity is required for SWI/SNF function in vivo and is accomplished through two partially redundant activator-interaction domains. Mol Cell 12(4):983-90
44) Yoon S, et al.  (2003) Recruitment of SWI/SNF by Gcn4p does not require Snf2p or Gcn5p but depends strongly on SWI/SNF integrity, SRB mediator, and SAGA. Mol Cell Biol 23(23):8829-45
45) Lemieux K and Gaudreau L  (2004) Targeting of Swi/Snf to the yeast GAL1 UAS G requires the Mediator, TAF IIs, and RNA polymerase II. EMBO J 23(20):4040-50
46) Ferreira ME, et al.  (2005) Mechanism of transcription factor recruitment by acidic activators. J Biol Chem 280(23):21779-84
47) Whitehouse I, et al.  (1999) Nucleosome mobilization catalysed by the yeast SWI/SNF complex. Nature 400(6746):784-7
48) Yudkovsky N, et al.  (1999) Recruitment of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex by transcriptional activators. Genes Dev 13(18):2369-74
49) Boyer LA, et al.  (2000) Roles of the histone H2A-H2B dimers and the (H3-H4)(2) tetramer in nucleosome remodeling by the SWI-SNF complex. J Biol Chem 275(16):11545-52
50) Logie C and Peterson CL  (1997) Catalytic activity of the yeast SWI/SNF complex on reconstituted nucleosome arrays. EMBO J 16(22):6772-82
51) Cote J, et al.  (1998) Perturbation of nucleosome core structure by the SWI/SNF complex persists after its detachment, enhancing subsequent transcription factor binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(9):4947-52
52) Cosma MP, et al.  (1999) Ordered recruitment of transcription and chromatin remodeling factors to a cell cycle- and developmentally regulated promoter. Cell 97(3):299-311
53) Flanagan JF and Peterson CL  (1999) A role for the yeast SWI/SNF complex in DNA replication. Nucleic Acids Res 27(9):2022-8
54) Ganster RW, et al.  (1998) Identification of a calcineurin-independent pathway required for sodium ion stress response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 150(1):31-42
55) Neely KE and Workman JL  (2002) The complexity of chromatin remodeling and its links to cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta 1603(1):19-29
56) Miller ME, et al.  (1996) Adenovirus E1A specifically blocks SWI/SNF-dependent transcriptional activation. Mol Cell Biol 16(10):5737-43
57) Tansey WP and Herr W  (1997) TAFs: guilt by association? Cell 88(6):729-32
58) Sanders SL, et al.  (2002) Molecular characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TFIID. Mol Cell Biol 22(16):6000-13
59) Auty R, et al.  (2004) Purification of active TFIID from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Extensive promoter contacts and co-activator function. J Biol Chem 279(48):49973-81
60) Sayre MH, et al.  (1992) Reconstitution of transcription with five purified initiation factors and RNA polymerase II from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 267(32):23376-82
61) Macpherson N, et al.  (2000) A yeast taf17 mutant requires the Swi6 transcriptional activator for viability and shows defects in cell cycle-regulated transcription. Genetics 154(4):1561-76
62) Kobayashi A, et al.  (2003) Mutations in the histone fold domain of the TAF12 gene show synthetic lethality with the TAF1 gene lacking the TAF N-terminal domain (TAND) by different mechanisms from those in the SPT15 gene encoding the TATA box-binding protein (TBP). Nucleic Acids Res 31(4):1261-74
63) Klebanow ER, et al.  (1996) Isolation and characterization of TAF25, an essential yeast gene that encodes an RNA polymerase II-specific TATA-binding protein-associated factor. J Biol Chem 271(23):13706-15
64) Walker SS, et al.  (1997) Yeast TAF(II)145 required for transcription of G1/S cyclin genes and regulated by the cellular growth state. Cell 90(4):607-14
65) Shen WC, et al.  (2003) Systematic analysis of essential yeast TAFs in genome-wide transcription and preinitiation complex assembly. EMBO J 22(13):3395-402
66) Buratowski S, et al.  (1989) Five intermediate complexes in transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II. Cell 56(4):549-61
67) Ranish JA and Hahn S  (1991) The yeast general transcription factor TFIIA is composed of two polypeptide subunits. J Biol Chem 266(29):19320-7
68) Li XY, et al.  (2002) Selective recruitment of TAFs by yeast upstream activating sequences. Implications for eukaryotic promoter structure. Curr Biol 12(14):1240-4
69) Grant PA, et al.  (1998) A subset of TAF(II)s are integral components of the SAGA complex required for nucleosome acetylation and transcriptional stimulation. Cell 94(1):45-53
70) Pray-Grant MG, et al.  (2002) The novel SLIK histone acetyltransferase complex functions in the yeast retrograde response pathway. Mol Cell Biol 22(24):8774-86
71) Warfield L, et al.  (2004) Positive and negative functions of the SAGA complex mediated through interaction of Spt8 with TBP and the N-terminal domain of TFIIA. Genes Dev 18(9):1022-34
72) Huisinga KL and Pugh BF  (2004) A genome-wide housekeeping role for TFIID and a highly regulated stress-related role for SAGA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell 13(4):573-85
73) Basehoar AD, et al.  (2004) Identification and distinct regulation of yeast TATA box-containing genes. Cell 116(5):699-709