DMC1/YER179W Summary 
| Standard Name | DMC1 1 |
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| Systematic Name | YER179W |
| Alias | ISC2 2 |
| Feature Type | ORF, Verified |
| Description | Meiosis-specific protein required for repair of double-strand breaks and pairing between homologous chromosomes; homolog of Rad51p and the bacterial RecA protein; binds ssDNA and dsDNA, forms helical filaments; stimulated by Rdh54p (1, 3, 4, 5 and see Summary Paragraph) |
| Name Description | Disrupted Meiotic cDNA 1 |
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| View Computational GO annotations for DMC1 | |
| Molecular Function | |
| Manually curated | |
| Biological Process | |
| Manually curated | |
| Cellular Component | |
| Manually curated |
| Classical genetics | |
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| null | |
| Large-scale survey | |
| null |
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| Resources |
| 96 total interaction(s) for 57 unique genes/features. | |
| Physical Interactions |
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| Localization | |
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| Phosphorylation | PhosphoGRID | PhosphoPep Database |
| Structure | |
| Homologs |
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| Last Update | Coordinates: 2011-02-03 | Sequence: 1996-07-31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| S288C only | |
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| S288C vs. other species | |
| S288C vs. other strains |
| External Links | All Associated Seq | Entrez Gene | Entrez RefSeq Protein | MIPS | Search all NCBI (Entrez) | UniProtKB |
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| Primary SGDID | S000000981 |
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DMC1 ("Disruption of Meiotic Control") was identified in a screen for meiotically induced genes in yeast (1). DMC1 is required for meiotic recombination (reviewed in 6). In its absence, cells fail to repair the double strand breaks that are formed throughout the genome and then arrest at pachytene during the first meiotic division (1).
Dmc1p has sequence and functional homology to the E. coli recombinational repair gene RecA (1, 7) and S. cerevisiae Rad51p (1, 8, 9). Coordination of Dmc1p with other recombination proteins, such as Rad51p, is required for the formation of full levels of Holliday junctions, a recombination intermediate, and for full levels of interhomolog recombinants (3, 10). This coordination may be mediated by Rdh54p/Tid1p (11), which has been shown to interact with Dmc1p and Rad51p in a two-hybrid assay (12).
The expression of Dmc1p is limited to early meiosis (1), consistent with the presence of the meiotic regulatory sequence URS1 upstream of the open reading frame (1, 13). Dmc1p forms discrete complexes on condensed chromosomes that are visible cytologically during meiosis (1, 12). Since DMC1 is not expressed during mitosis, its absence has no effect on mitotic growth or mitotic recombination (1). Orthologues of DMC1 have been identified in many higher eukaryotes such as H. sapiens, M. musculus, and A. thalania (14, 15, 16, 17).
Last updated: 2002-06-27 
| 1) | Bishop DK, et al. (1992) DMC1: a meiosis-specific yeast homolog of E. coli recA required for recombination, synaptonemal complex formation, and cell cycle progression. Cell 69(3):439-56 |
| 2) | Kobayashi T, et al. (1993) Isolation and characterization of a yeast gene that is homologous with a meiosis-specific cDNA from a plant. Mol Gen Genet 237(1-2):225-32 |
| 3) | Schwacha A and Kleckner N (1997) Interhomolog bias during meiotic recombination: meiotic functions promote a highly differentiated interhomolog-only pathway. Cell 90(6):1123-35 |
| 4) | Symington LS (2002) Role of RAD52 epistasis group genes in homologous recombination and double-strand break repair. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 66(4):630-70, table of contents |
| 5) | Nimonkar AV, et al. (2012) Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dmc1 and Rad51 proteins preferentially function with Tid1 and Rad54 proteins, respectively, to promote DNA strand invasion during genetic recombination. J Biol Chem 287(34):28727-37 |
| 6) | Roeder GS (1997) Meiotic chromosomes: it takes two to tango. Genes Dev 11(20):2600-21 |
| 7) | Hong EL, et al. (2001) Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dmc1 protein promotes renaturation of single-strand DNA (ssDNA) and assimilation of ssDNA into homologous super-coiled duplex DNA. J Biol Chem 276(45):41906-12 |
| 8) | Story RM, et al. (1993) Structural relationship of bacterial RecA proteins to recombination proteins from bacteriophage T4 and yeast. Science 259(5103):1892-6 |
| 9) | Shinohara A, et al. (1992) Rad51 protein involved in repair and recombination in S. cerevisiae is a RecA-like protein. Cell 69(3):457-70 |
| 10) | Shinohara A, et al. (1997) Saccharomyces cerevisiae recA homologues RAD51 and DMC1 have both distinct and overlapping roles in meiotic recombination. Genes Cells 2(10):615-29 |
| 11) | Shinohara M, et al. (2000) Tid1/Rdh54 promotes colocalization of rad51 and dmc1 during meiotic recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(20):10814-9 |
| 12) | Dresser ME, et al. (1997) DMC1 functions in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae meiotic pathway that is largely independent of the RAD51 pathway. Genetics 147(2):533-44 |
| 13) | Vershon AK, et al. (1992) Meiotic induction of the yeast HOP1 gene is controlled by positive and negative regulatory sites. Mol Cell Biol 12(9):3706-14 |
| 14) | Li Z, et al. (1997) Recombination activities of HsDmc1 protein, the meiotic human homolog of RecA protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94(21):11221-6 |
| 15) | Pittman DL, et al. (1998) Meiotic prophase arrest with failure of chromosome synapsis in mice deficient for Dmc1, a germline-specific RecA homolog. Mol Cell 1(5):697-705 |
| 16) | Yoshida K, et al. (1998) The mouse RecA-like gene Dmc1 is required for homologous chromosome synapsis during meiosis. Mol Cell 1(5):707-18 |
| 17) | Klimyuk VI and Jones JD (1997) AtDMC1, the Arabidopsis homologue of the yeast DMC1 gene: characterization, transposon-induced allelic variation and meiosis-associated expression. Plant J 11(1):1-14 |
