LYS9/YNR050C Summary

Standard Name	LYS9
Systematic Name	YNR050C
Alias	LYS13
Feature Type	ORF, Verified
Description	Saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming); catalyzes the formation of saccharopine from alpha-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde, the seventh step in lysine biosynthesis pathway; exhibits genetic and physical interactions with TRM112 (1, 2 and see Summary Paragraph)
Name Description	LYSine requiring

Chromosomal Location	ChrXIV:715388 to 714048 \| ORF Map \| GBrowse
	Note: this feature is encoded on the Crick strand.

	Genetic position: 44 cM

Gene Ontology Annotations All LYS9 GO evidence and references

	View Computational GO annotations for LYS9
Molecular Function
Manually curated	saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming) activity (IDA)
Biological Process
Manually curated	lysine biosynthetic process via aminoadipic acid (IMP)
Cellular Component
High-throughput	cytoplasm (IDA)

Pathways	lysine biosynthesis

Mutant phenotypes All LYS9 Phenotype evidence and references

Classical genetics
overexpression	toxin resistance: increased
Large-scale survey
null	chronological lifespan: decreased competitive fitness: decreased endocytosis: decreased fermentative growth: decreased rate haploproficient hyperosmotic stress resistance: decreased replicative lifespan: increased resistance to tunicamycin: decreased resistance to L-1,4-dithiothreitol: decreased starvation resistance: decreased vegetative growth: decreased rate viable
Resources	PROPHECY \| SCMD \| ScreenTroll \| Yeast Fitness Database

interactions All LYS9 Interaction evidence and references

	18 total interaction(s) for 14 unique genes/features.
Physical Interactions	Affinity Capture-MS: 8 Affinity Capture-RNA: 1 Affinity Capture-Western: 1 Biochemical Activity: 1 Co-crystal Structure: 1 Two-hybrid: 4
Genetic Interactions	Synthetic Lethality: 2
Resources	BioGRID \| BOND \| BioPIXIE \| CYC2008 (complexes) \| Complexome \| DIP \| DRYGIN \| GeneMANIA \| InterologFinder

Expression Summary


Resources	Expression Summary \| Cell cycle and metabolic oscillation \| Cell cycle transcript profile \| Cyclebase \| Genevestigator \| GermOnline \| SPELL \| YMGV \| YeastFunc

Protein Information All LYS9 Protein evidence and references

Localization	YeastRC \| Organelle DB (UMich) \| YPL+ \| YeastGFP
Phosphorylation	PhosphoGRID \| PhosphoPep Database
Structure	GPMDB \| SCOP \| YeastRC
Homologs	Ashbya (AGD) \| AspGD Homologs \| CGD Homologs \| CandidaDB Homologs \| Fungal Orthogroups Repository \| P-POD \| PDB Homologs \| PhylomeDB \| YGOB \| YOGY

sequence information

ChrXIV:715388 to 714048 | |

Note: this feature is encoded on the Crick strand.

: 44 cM

Last Update

Coordinates: 2011-02-03 | Sequence: 1997-01-28

Subfeature details

	Relative Coordinates	Chromosomal Coordinates	Most Recent Updates
	Relative Coordinates	Chromosomal Coordinates	Coordinates	Sequence
CDS	1..1341	715388..714048	2011-02-03	1997-01-28

Retrieve sequences

Analyze Sequence

S288C only	BLASTP \| ATCC/WashU Clones \| BLASTN \| Design Primers \| Restriction Fragment Map \| Restriction Fragment Sizes \| Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species	Fungal Alignment \| BLASTN vs. fungi \| BLASTP at NCBI \| BLASTP vs. fungi \| Synteny Viewer
S288C vs. other strains	Strain Alignment

Resources

External Links	All Associated Seq \| E.C. \| Entrez Gene \| Entrez RefSeq Protein \| MIPS \| Search all NCBI (Entrez) \| UniProtKB

Primary SGDID	S000005333

SUMMARY PARAGRAPH for LYS9

About lysine biosynthesis

S. cerevisiae synthesizes the essential amino acid L-lysine via the L-alpha-aminoadipic acid pathway instead of the diaminopmelate pathway (3). Originally proposed to be characteristic of fungi, recent studies suggest prokaryotes also synthesize lysine via the alpha-aminoadipic acid pathway (4). Intermediates in this pathway are often incorporated into secondary metabolites. For example, it has been well- studied that alpha-aminoadipate is required for penicillin production (3). Regulation of the lysine biosynthetic pathway in S. cerevisiae is an interaction between general amino acid control (via Gcn4p) (5), feedback inhibition of homocitrate synthase activity by lysine (6), and induction of Lys14p by alpha-aminoadipate semialdehyde (7).

Last updated: 2007-10-04

References cited on this page View Complete Literature Guide for LYS9

1)	Storts DR and Bhattacharjee JK (1987) Purification and properties of saccharopine dehydrogenase (glutamate forming) in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae lysine biosynthetic pathway. J Bacteriol 169(1):416-8
2)	Studte P, et al. (2008) tRNA and protein methylase complexes mediate zymocin toxicity in yeast. Mol Microbiol 69(5):1266-77
3)	Zabriskie TM and Jackson MD (2000) Lysine biosynthesis and metabolism in fungi. Nat Prod Rep 17(1):85-97
4)	Nishida H and Nishiyama M (2000) What is characteristic of fungal lysine synthesis through the alpha-aminoadipate pathway? J Mol Evol 51(3):299-302
5)	Hinnebusch A (1992) "General and Pathway-specific Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling the Synthesis of Amino Acid Biosynthetic Enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Pp. 319-414 in The Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Yeast Saccharomyces: Gene Expression, edited by Jones EW, Pringle JR and Broach JR. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
6)	Feller A, et al. (1999) In Saccharomyces cerevisae, feedback inhibition of homocitrate synthase isoenzymes by lysine modulates the activation of LYS gene expression by Lys14p. Eur J Biochem 261(1):163-70
7)	El Alami M, et al. (2000) Characterisation of a tripartite nuclear localisation sequence in the regulatory protein Lys14 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet 38(2):78-86