HTB2/YBL002W Summary 
HTB2 BASIC INFORMATION
| Standard Name | HTB2 |
|---|---|
| Systematic Name | YBL002W |
| Feature Type | ORF, Verified |
| Description | Histone H2B, core histone protein required for chromatin assembly and chromosome function; nearly identical to HTB1; Rad6p-Bre1p-Lge1p mediated ubiquitination regulates transcriptional activation, meiotic DSB formation and H3 methylation (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and see Summary Paragraph) 
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| Name Description | Histone h Two B 8 |
| GO Annotations | All HTB2 GO evidence and references |
|---|---|
| View Computational GO annotations for HTB2 | |
| Molecular Function | |
| Manually curated | |
| Biological Process | |
| Manually curated | |
| Cellular Component | |
| Manually curated |
| Mutant Phenotype | All HTB2 Phenotype details and references |
|---|---|
| Large-scale survey | |
| null |
| Interactions | HTB2 All interactions details and references |
|---|---|
| 126 total interaction(s) for 104 unique genes/features. | |
| Physical Interactions |
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| Genetic Interactions |
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| External Links | All Associated Seq | Entrez Gene | Entrez RefSeq Protein | MIPS | UniProtKB |
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| Primary SGDID | S000000098 |
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HTB2 RESOURCES
| SGD ORF map | GBrowse |
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Click on histogram for expression summary
Expression Summary
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION for HTB2
SUMMARY PARAGRAPH for HTB2
About yeast nucleosomes...
Chromatin is composed of arrays of nucleosomes, with each nucleosome comprising an octamer formed by two copies each of the H2A-H2B and H3-H4 heterodimers (9). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, each of the canonical histones is encoded by two genes: H2A by HTA1 and HTA2, H2B by HTB1 and HTB2, H3 by HHT1 and HHT2, and H4 by HHF1 and HHF2. The eight genes are organized into four pairs of divergently-transcribed loci: HTA1-HTB1 and HTA2-HTB2, each encoding histone proteins H2A and H2B; and HHT1-HHF1 and HHT2-HHF2, each encoding histone proteins H3 and H4. As a result of this redundancy, deletion of any one histone locus does not cause lethality (10). The H3-H4 protein dimers interact via a four-helix bundle at the H3 C-termini, and the H2A-H2B dimers bind to the resulting central H3-H4 tetramer via a similar four-helix bundle interaction between the H2B and H4 C-termini (11). Approximately 150 bp of duplex DNA is wound onto the histone octamer as two turns of a negative superhelix (12). A single copy of the linker histone H1 (encoded by HHO1) binds between the superhelices at the site of DNA entry and exit (13). In some nucleosomes, the histone variant H2A.Z (encoded by HTZ1) is substituted for the canonical H2A in a wide, but nonrandom, genomic distribution, enriched in promoter regions as compared to coding regions (14). The positioning of nucleosomes along chromatin has been implicated in the regulation of gene expression, since the packaging of DNA into nucleosomes affects sequence accessibility (15). Nucleosomes prevent many DNA-binding proteins from approaching their sites (16, 17, 18), whereas appropriately positioned nucleosomes can bring discontiguous DNA sequences into close proximity to promote transcription (19).
Last updated: 2007-05-31
REFERENCES CITED ON THIS PAGE [View Complete Literature Guide for HTB2]
| 1) | Robzyk K, et al. (2000) Rad6-dependent ubiquitination of histone H2B in yeast. Science 287(5452):501-4 |
| 2) | Martini EM, et al. (2002) A role for histone H2B during repair of UV-induced DNA damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 160(4):1375-87 |
| 3) | Dover J, et al. (2002) Methylation of histone H3 by COMPASS requires ubiquitination of histone H2B by Rad6. J Biol Chem 277(32):28368-71 |
| 4) | Briggs SD, et al. (2002) Gene silencing: trans-histone regulatory pathway in chromatin. Nature 418(6897):498 |
| 5) | Hwang WW, et al. (2003) A conserved RING finger protein required for histone H2B monoubiquitination and cell size control. Mol Cell 11(1):261-6 |
| 6) | Kao CF, et al. (2004) Rad6 plays a role in transcriptional activation through ubiquitylation of histone H2B. Genes Dev 18(2):184-95 |
| 7) | Yamashita K, et al. (2004) Rad6-Bre1-mediated histone H2B ubiquitylation modulates the formation of double-strand breaks during meiosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(31):11380-5 |
| 8) | Wallis JW, et al. (1980) Histone H2B genes of yeast encode two different proteins. Cell 22(3):799-805 |
| 9) | Schafer G, et al. (2005) The Saccharomyces cerevisiae linker histone Hho1p, with two globular domains, can simultaneously bind to two four-way junction DNA molecules. Biochemistry 44(50):16766-75 |
| 10) | Dollard C, et al. (1994) SPT10 and SPT21 are required for transcription of particular histone genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 14(8):5223-8 |
| 11) | Luger K, et al. (1997) Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 A resolution. Nature 389(6648):251-60 |
| 12) | Richmond TJ and Davey CA (2003) The structure of DNA in the nucleosome core. Nature 423(6936):145-50 |
| 13) | Zhou YB, et al. (1998) Position and orientation of the globular domain of linker histone H5 on the nucleosome. Nature 395(6700):402-5 |
| 14) | Li B, et al. (2005) Preferential occupancy of histone variant H2AZ at inactive promoters influences local histone modifications and chromatin remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(51):18385-90 |
| 15) | Yuan GC, et al. (2005) Genome-scale identification of nucleosome positions in S. cerevisiae. Science 309(5734):626-30 |
| 16) | Anderson JD and Widom J (2000) Sequence and position-dependence of the equilibrium accessibility of nucleosomal DNA target sites. J Mol Biol 296(4):979-87 |
| 17) | Wallrath LL, et al. (1994) Architectural variations of inducible eukaryotic promoters: preset and remodeling chromatin structures. Bioessays 16(3):165-70 |
| 18) | Venter U, et al. (1994) A nucleosome precludes binding of the transcription factor Pho4 in vivo to a critical target site in the PHO5 promoter. EMBO J 13(20):4848-55 |
| 19) | Stunkel W, et al. (1997) A nucleosome positioned in the distal promoter region activates transcription of the human U6 gene. Mol Cell Biol 17(8):4397-405 |
