ATP4/YPL078C Summary 
| Standard Name | ATP4 |
|---|---|
| Systematic Name | YPL078C |
| Alias | LPF7 |
| Feature Type | ORF, Verified |
| Description | Subunit b of the stator stalk of mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase, which is a large, evolutionarily conserved enzyme complex required for ATP synthesis; contributes to the oligomerization of the complex; phosphorylated (1, 2, 3, 4 and see Summary Paragraph) |
| Name Description | ATP synthase |
| Chromosomal Location | |
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| Note: this feature is encoded on the Crick strand. | |
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| View Computational GO annotations for ATP4 | |
| Molecular Function | |
| Manually curated | |
| Biological Process | |
| Manually curated | |
| Cellular Component | |
| Manually curated | |
| High-throughput |
| 88 total interaction(s) for 63 unique genes/features. | |
| Physical Interactions |
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| Genetic Interactions |
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| Localization | |
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| Phosphorylation | PhosphoGRID | PhosphoPep Database |
| Structure | |
| Homologs |
| Note: this feature is encoded on the Crick strand. | |||||||||||||
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| Last Update | Coordinates: 2011-02-03 | Sequence: 1996-07-31 | ||||||||||||
| Subfeature details |
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| S288C only | |
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| S288C vs. other species | |
| S288C vs. other strains |
| External Links | All Associated Seq | E.C. | Entrez Gene | Entrez RefSeq Protein | MIPS | Search all NCBI (Entrez) | UniProtKB |
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| Primary SGDID | S000005999 |
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ATP4 encodes subunit b of mitochondrial ATP synthase (1). The ATP synthase complex utilizes proton motive force to generate ATP from ADP and Pi (5). The structure of this enzyme complex is highly conserved among diverse organisms and consists of two major components, soluble F1 and membrane-bound F0, each of which contains many subunits. F1 and F0 are connected, both functionally and physically, via two additional multi-subunit structures, the central stalk and the stator stalk. Subunit b is part of the stator stalk, a stationary structure necessary for the productive transmission of rotary motion from the F0 proton pump to the F1 catalytic core (5 and 6 and references therein).
Although ATP4 is essential for ATP synthase function, it is not essential for life in yeast. Deletion of ATP4, like deletions in many genes necessary for the function or maintenance of mitochondria, leads to a "petite" phenotype that is slow-growing and unable to survive on nonfermentable carbon sources (7).
General ATP synthase structure and function are reviewed in references 5 and 6. For a review that is specific to yeast, see reference 8.
Last updated: 2001-01-16 
| 1) | Velours J, et al. (1988) ATP4, the structural gene for yeast F0F1 ATPase subunit 4. Eur J Biochem 170(3):637-42 |
| 2) | Soubannier V, et al. (1999) The second stalk of the yeast ATP synthase complex: identification of subunits showing cross-links with known positions of subunit 4 (subunit b). Biochemistry 38(45):15017-24 |
| 3) | Reinders J, et al. (2007) Profiling phosphoproteins of yeast mitochondria reveals a role of phosphorylation in assembly of the ATP synthase. Mol Cell Proteomics 6(11):1896-906 |
| 4) | Weimann T, et al. (2008) The intermembrane space loop of subunit B (4) is a major determinant of the stability of yeast oligomeric ATP synthases. Biochemistry 47(11):3556-63 |
| 5) | Boyer PD (1997) The ATP synthase--a splendid molecular machine. Annu Rev Biochem 66:717-49 |
| 6) | Nakamoto RK, et al. (1999) Rotational coupling in the F0F1 ATP synthase. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 28:205-34 |
| 7) | Velours J, et al. (1989) The yeast ATP synthase subunit 4: structure and function. Biochimie 71(8):903-15 |
| 8) | Devenish RJ, et al. (2000) Insights into ATP synthase assembly and function through the molecular genetic manipulation of subunits of the yeast mitochondrial enzyme complex. Biochim Biophys Acta 1458(2-3):428-42 |
