ORC1/YML065W Summary Help

ORC1 BASIC INFORMATION

Standard Name ORC1
Systematic Name YML065W
Feature Type ORF, Verified
Description Largest subunit of the origin recognition complex, which directs DNA replication by binding to replication origins and is also involved in transcriptional silencing; exhibits ATPase activity (1, 2 and see Summary Paragraph)
Name Description Origin Recognition Complex 3
GO Annotations All ORC1 GO evidence and references
    View Computational GO annotations for ORC1
Molecular Function
Manually curated
Biological Process
Manually curated
Cellular Component
Manually curated
Mutant Phenotype All ORC1 Phenotype details and references
Classical genetics
overexpression
reduction of function
Large-scale survey
conditional
null
repressible
Interactions ORC1 All interactions details and references
115 total interaction(s) for 44 unique genes/features.
Physical Interactions
  • Affinity Capture-MS: 57
  • Affinity Capture-Western: 18
  • Biochemical Activity: 2
  • Co-crystal Structure: 2
  • Co-fractionation: 1
  • Co-purification: 5
  • Reconstituted Complex: 13
  • Two-hybrid: 7
Genetic Interactions
  • Phenotypic Suppression: 2
  • Synthetic Growth Defect: 3
  • Synthetic Lethality: 1
  • Synthetic Rescue: 4
Sequence Information
ChrXIII:142210 to 144954 | ORF Map | GBrowse
Gbrowse
Last Update Coordinates: 1996-07-31 | Sequence: 1996-07-31
Subfeature details
Relative
Coordinates		 Chromosomal
Coordinates		 Most Recent Updates
Coordinates Sequence
CDS 1..2745 142210..144954 1996-07-31 1996-07-31
External Links All Associated Seq | Entrez Gene | Entrez RefSeq Protein | MIPS | UniProtKB
Primary SGDIDS000004530

ORC1 RESOURCES

Click on map for expanded view
SGD ORF mapGBrowse
SGD ORF map
 GBrowse
  • Literature
  • Retrieve Sequences
  • Sequence Analysis Tools
  • Protein Info & Structure
  • Localization Resources
  • Interactions
  • Phenotype Resources
  • Maps & Displays
  • Comparison Resources
  • Functional Analysis

Click on histogram for expression summary
Expression Summary histogram

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION for ORC1

SUMMARY PARAGRAPH for ORC1

The Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) is a six-subunit ATP-dependent DNA-binding protein encoded in yeast by ORC1-6 (4). ORC is a central component for eukaryotic DNA replication, and binds chromatin at replication origins throughout the cell cycle (5). ORC directs DNA replication throughout the genome and is required for its initiation (3, 6, 7). ORC bound at replication origins serves as the foundation for assembly of the pre-replicative complex (pre-RC), which includes Cdc6p, Tah11p (aka Cdt1p), and the Mcm2-7p complex (8, 9, 10). Pre-RC assembly during G1 is required for replication licensing of chromosomes prior to DNA synthesis during S phase (reviewed in 11, 12, and 13). Cell cycle-regulated phosphorylation of Orc2p, Orc6p, Cdc6p, and MCM by the cyclin-dependent protein kinase Cdc28p regulates initiation of DNA replication, including blocking reinitiation in G2/M phase (14, 15, 16, 5).

In yeast, ORC also plays a role in the establishment of silencing at the mating-type loci HML and HMR (3, 6, 7). ORC participates in the assembly of transcriptionally silent chromatin at HML and HMR by recruiting the Sir1p silencing protein to the HML and HMR silencers (17, 18, 7).

Both Orc1p and Orc5p bind ATP, though only Orc1p has ATPase activity (1). The binding of ATP by Orc1p is required for ORC binding to DNA and is essential for cell viability (10). The ATPase activity of Orc1p is involved in formation of the pre-RC (19, 20, 21). ATP binding by Orc5p is crucial for the stability of ORC as a whole. Only the Orc1p-5p subunits are required for origin binding; Orc6p is essential for maintenance of pre-RCs once formed (22). Interactions within ORC suggest that Orc2p-3p-6p may form a core complex (5).

ORC homologs have been found in various eukaryotes, including fission yeast, insects, amphibians, and humans (23).

Last updated: 2007-10-01

REFERENCES CITED ON THIS PAGE [View Complete Literature Guide for ORC1]

1) Klemm RD, et al.  (1997) Coordinate binding of ATP and origin DNA regulates the ATPase activity of the origin recognition complex. Cell 88(4):493-502
2) Bell SP  (2002) The origin recognition complex: from simple origins to complex functions. Genes Dev 16(6):659-72
3) Bell SP and Stillman B  (1992) ATP-dependent recognition of eukaryotic origins of DNA replication by a multiprotein complex. Nature 357(6374):128-34
4) Chesnokov IN  (2007) Multiple functions of the origin recognition complex. Int Rev Cytol 256:69-109
5) Matsuda K, et al.  (2007) Yeast two-hybrid analysis of the origin recognition complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: interaction between subunits and identification of binding proteins. FEMS Yeast Res 7(8):1263-9
6) Bell SP, et al.  (1995) The multidomain structure of Orc1p reveals similarity to regulators of DNA replication and transcriptional silencing. Cell 83(4):563-8
7) Gibson DG, et al.  (2006) Cell cycle execution point analysis of ORC function and characterization of the checkpoint response to ORC inactivation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Cells 11(6):557-73
8) Rao H and Stillman B  (1995) The origin recognition complex interacts with a bipartite DNA binding site within yeast replicators. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92(6):2224-8
9) Rowley A, et al.  (1995) Initiation complex assembly at budding yeast replication origins begins with the recognition of a bipartite sequence by limiting amounts of the initiator, ORC. EMBO J 14(11):2631-41
10) Speck C, et al.  (2005) ATPase-dependent cooperative binding of ORC and Cdc6 to origin DNA. Nat Struct Mol Biol 12(11):965-71
11) Kelly TJ and Brown GW  (2000) Regulation of chromosome replication. Annu Rev Biochem 69():829-80
12) Bell SP and Dutta A  (2002) DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Annu Rev Biochem 71():333-74
13) Stillman B  (2005) Origin recognition and the chromosome cycle. FEBS Lett 579(4):877-84
14) Weinreich M, et al.  (2001) Binding of cyclin-dependent kinases to ORC and Cdc6p regulates the chromosome replication cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(20):11211-7
15) Nguyen VQ, et al.  (2001) Cyclin-dependent kinases prevent DNA re-replication through multiple mechanisms. Nature 411(6841):1068-73
16) Archambault V, et al.  (2005) Disruption of mechanisms that prevent rereplication triggers a DNA damage response. Mol Cell Biol 25(15):6707-21
17) Triolo T and Sternglanz R  (1996) Role of interactions between the origin recognition complex and SIR1 in transcriptional silencing. Nature 381(6579):251-3
18) Fox CA, et al.  (1997) The origin recognition complex, SIR1, and the S phase requirement for silencing. Science 276(5318):1547-51
19) Klemm RD and Bell SP  (2001) ATP bound to the origin recognition complex is important for preRC formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(15):8361-7
20) Bowers JL, et al.  (2004) ATP hydrolysis by ORC catalyzes reiterative Mcm2-7 assembly at a defined origin of replication. Mol Cell 16(6):967-78
21) Randell JC, et al.  (2006) Sequential ATP hydrolysis by Cdc6 and ORC directs loading of the Mcm2-7 helicase. Mol Cell 21(1):29-39
22) Semple JW, et al.  (2006) An essential role for Orc6 in DNA replication through maintenance of pre-replicative complexes. EMBO J 25(21):5150-8
23) Dutta A and Bell SP  (1997) Initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 13:293-332