GAL3/YDR009W Summary Help

GAL3 BASIC INFORMATION

Standard Name GAL3 1
Systematic Name YDR009W
Feature Type ORF, Verified
Description Transcriptional regulator involved in activation of the GAL genes in response to galactose; forms a complex with Gal80p to relieve Gal80p inhibition of Gal4p; binds galactose and ATP but does not have galactokinase activity (2, 3, 4 and see Summary Paragraph)
Name Description GALactose metabolism
GO Annotations All GAL3 GO evidence and references
    View Computational GO annotations for GAL3
Molecular Function
Manually curated
Biological Process
Manually curated
Cellular Component
Manually curated
Regulatory Role
Regulatory modules predicted: cellcycle ( 269 )
Mutant Phenotype All GAL3 Phenotype details and references
Classical genetics
unspecified
Large-scale survey
null
Interactions GAL3 All interactions details and references
45 total interaction(s) for 26 unique genes/features.
Physical Interactions
  • Affinity Capture-MS: 1
  • Affinity Capture-Western: 4
  • Co-purification: 1
  • FRET: 1
  • PCA: 1
  • Reconstituted Complex: 4
  • Two-hybrid: 3
Genetic Interactions
  • Dosage Rescue: 1
  • Phenotypic Enhancement: 23
  • Phenotypic Suppression: 5
  • Synthetic Rescue: 1
Sequence Information
ChrIV:463432 to 464994 | ORF Map | GBrowse
Gbrowse
Genetic position: 1 cM
Last Update Coordinates: 2008-06-05 | Sequence: 1996-07-31
Subfeature details
Relative
Coordinates		 Chromosomal
Coordinates		 Most Recent Updates
Coordinates Sequence
CDS 1..1563 463432..464994 2008-06-05 1996-07-31
External Links All Associated Seq | Entrez Gene | Entrez RefSeq Protein | MIPS | UniProtKB
Primary SGDIDS000002416

GAL3 RESOURCES

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Expression Summary histogram

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION for GAL3

SUMMARY PARAGRAPH for GAL3

GAL3 encodes a transcriptional regulator involved in gene activation in response to galactose (5). Among the genes that, in conjunction with Gal4p and Gal80p, are regulated by Gal3p are the GAL metabolic genes GAL1, GAL10, GAL2, and GAL7 (reviewed in 6). In the presence of galactose and ATP, Gal3p sequesters the transcriptional repressor Gal80p in the cytoplasm which relieves inhibition of the Gal4p transcription factor and results in GAL gene expression (4, 7). GAL3 transcription is also regulated by the Gal3p/Gal80p/Gal4p feedback mechanism that regulates the other GAL genes. However, unlike expression of the GAL structural genes, which is tightly controlled because of the presence of multiple upstream activation sites (UAS-GALs) in their promoters, GAL3 has high basal levels of transcription due to the presence of only a single UAS-GAL in its promoter (8).

GAL3 is thought to have arisen from GAL1 as a result of the S. cerevisiae whole genome duplication and the two proteins share 90% amino acid similarity (9). Insertion of just two amino acids (a serine and an alanine) directly after amino acid 164 is able to confer galactokinase activity on Gal3p. Null mutants of gal3 exhibit at 3-5 day lag in transcriptional induction (as opposed to several minutes in wild-type cells), a phenotype which can be complemented by GAL1 overexpression (10).

Last updated: 2006-10-04

REFERENCES CITED ON THIS PAGE [View Complete Literature Guide for GAL3]

1) Tsuyumu S and Adams BG  (1973) Population analysis of the deinduction kinetics of galactose long-term adaptation mutants of yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 70(3):919-23
2) Platt A and Reece RJ  (1998) The yeast galactose genetic switch is mediated by the formation of a Gal4p-Gal80p-Gal3p complex. EMBO J 17(14):4086-91
3) Bhat PJ and Murthy TV  (2001) Transcriptional control of the GAL/MEL regulon of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: mechanism of galactose-mediated signal transduction. Mol Microbiol 40(5):1059-66
4) Timson DJ, et al.  (2002) Gal3p and Gal1p interact with the transcriptional repressor Gal80p to form a complex of 1:1 stoichiometry. Biochem J 363(Pt 3):515-20
5) Torchia TE and Hopper JE  (1986) Genetic and molecular analysis of the GAL3 gene in the expression of the galactose/melibiose regulon of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 113(2):229-46
6) Lohr D, et al.  (1995) Transcriptional regulation in the yeast GAL gene family: a complex genetic network. FASEB J 9(9):777-87
7) Peng G and Hopper JE  (2002) Gene activation by interaction of an inhibitor with a cytoplasmic signaling protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99(13):8548-53
8) Melcher K and Xu HE  (2001) Gal80-Gal80 interaction on adjacent Gal4p binding sites is required for complete GAL gene repression. EMBO J 20(4):841-51
9) Platt A, et al.  (2000) The insertion of two amino acids into a transcriptional inducer converts it into a galactokinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97(7):3154-9
10) Bhat PJ, et al.  (1990) Analysis of the GAL3 signal transduction pathway activating GAL4 protein-dependent transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 125(2):281-91