VCX1/YDL128W Summary

Standard Name	VCX1 1
Systematic Name	YDL128W
Alias	HUM1 2 , MNR1 3
Feature Type	ORF, Verified
Description	Vacuolar membrane antiporter with Ca2+/H+ and K+/H+ exchange activity, involved in control of cytosolic Ca2+ and K+ concentrations; has similarity to sodium/calcium exchangers, including the bovine Na+/Ca2+,K+ antiporter (1, 2, 4, 5 and see Summary Paragraph)
Name Description	VaCuolar H+/Ca2+ eXchanger 1

Chromosomal Location	ChrIV:232652 to 233887 \| ORF Map \| GBrowse

Gene Ontology Annotations All VCX1 GO evidence and references

	View Computational GO annotations for VCX1
Molecular Function
Manually curated	calcium:hydrogen antiporter activity (IDA, IMP) potassium:hydrogen antiporter activity (IMP)
Biological Process
Manually curated	calcium ion transport (IDA, IMP) cellular calcium ion homeostasis (IMP) NOT manganese ion transport (IDA) transmembrane transport (IDA, IMP)
Cellular Component
Manually curated	fungal-type vacuole (IDA) fungal-type vacuole membrane (IDA)
High-throughput	integral to membrane (ISM)

Mutant phenotypes All VCX1 Phenotype evidence and references

Classical genetics
gain of function	resistance to manganese(II) chloride: increased
null	calcium(2+) accumulation: decreased ionic stress resistance: decreased resistance to calcium dichloride: decreased resistance to manganese(II) chloride: decreased viable
overexpression	ionic stress resistance: increased
Large-scale survey
null	competitive fitness: decreased haploinsufficient Fus-Mid-GFP distribution: abnormal resistance to tenovin-6: decreased respiratory growth: decreased viable
Resources	PROPHECY \| SCMD \| ScreenTroll \| Yeast Fitness Database

interactions All VCX1 Interaction evidence and references

	31 total interaction(s) for 24 unique genes/features.
Physical Interactions	Affinity Capture-MS: 2 Biochemical Activity: 6 PCA: 4
Genetic Interactions	Dosage Rescue: 4 Negative Genetic: 3 Phenotypic Enhancement: 3 Synthetic Growth Defect: 4 Synthetic Lethality: 4 Synthetic Rescue: 1
Resources	BioGRID \| BOND \| BioPIXIE \| CYC2008 (complexes) \| Complexome \| DIP \| DRYGIN \| GeneMANIA \| InterologFinder

Expression Summary


Resources	Expression Summary \| Cell cycle and metabolic oscillation \| Cell cycle transcript profile \| Cyclebase \| Genevestigator \| GermOnline \| SPELL \| YMGV \| YeastFunc

Protein Information All VCX1 Protein evidence and references

Localization	YeastRC \| Organelle DB (UMich) \| YPL+ \| YeastGFP
Phosphorylation	PhosphoGRID \| PhosphoPep Database
Structure	GPMDB \| SCOP \| YeastRC
Homologs	Ashbya (AGD) \| AspGD Homologs \| CGD Homologs \| CandidaDB Homologs \| Fungal Orthogroups Repository \| P-POD \| PDB Homologs \| PhylomeDB \| YGOB \| YOGY

sequence information

ChrIV:232652 to 233887 | |

Last Update

Coordinates: 1996-07-31 | Sequence: 1996-07-31

Subfeature details

	Relative Coordinates	Chromosomal Coordinates	Most Recent Updates
	Relative Coordinates	Chromosomal Coordinates	Coordinates	Sequence
CDS	1..1236	232652..233887	1996-07-31	1996-07-31

Retrieve sequences

Analyze Sequence

S288C only	BLASTP \| ATCC/WashU Clones \| BLASTN \| Design Primers \| Restriction Fragment Map \| Restriction Fragment Sizes \| Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species	Fungal Alignment \| BLASTN vs. fungi \| BLASTP at NCBI \| BLASTP vs. fungi \| Synteny Viewer
S288C vs. other strains	Strain Alignment

Resources

External Links	All Associated Seq \| Entrez Gene \| Entrez RefSeq Protein \| MIPS \| Search all NCBI (Entrez) \| TCDB \| UniProtKB

Primary SGDID	S000002286

SUMMARY PARAGRAPH for VCX1

VCX1 encodes a vacuolar H+/Ca2+ exchanger which is involved in calcium homeostasis and signal transduction. Vcx1p is responsible for restoring cytosolic Ca2+ levels in response to a brief Ca2+ burst. S. cerevisiae has three Ca2+ transporters: Vcx1p, a high capacity, low affinity vacuolar Ca2+ exchanger; Pmc1p, a high-affinity vacuolar Ca2+ ATPase; and Pmr1p, a Golgi Ca2+ ATPase (2, 1, 4).

Vcx1p and Pmc1p are involved in vacuolar Ca2+ accumulation and are both regulated by calcineurin although the mechanisms are different. Calcineurin induces expression of PMC1 and PMR1 through the action of the transcription factor Crz1p, whereas Vcx1p activity is negatively regulated by calcineurin in a Crz1p-independent mechanism (6, 7). Inhibition of Vcx1p by calcineurin is thought to be by a post-translational mechanism (1). Regulation of Vcx1p also involves Rcn1p that acts as an endogenous feedback inhibitor of calcineurin (8).

Vcx1p shares sequence similarity with mammalian and plant Ca2+ transporters (2, 9).

Last updated: 2006-11-20

References cited on this page View Complete Literature Guide for VCX1

1)	Cunningham KW and Fink GR (1996) Calcineurin inhibits VCX1-dependent H+/Ca2+ exchange and induces Ca2+ ATPases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 16(5):2226-37
2)	Pozos TC, et al. (1996) The product of HUM1, a novel yeast gene, is required for vacuolar Ca2+/H+ exchange and is related to mammalian Na+/Ca2+ exchangers. Mol Cell Biol 16(7):3730-41
3)	del Pozo L, et al. (1999) A single nucleotide change in the MNR1 (VCX1/HUM1) gene determines resistance to manganese in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 15(5):371-5
4)	Miseta A, et al. (1999) The vacuolar Ca2+/H+ exchanger Vcx1p/Hum1p tightly controls cytosolic Ca2+ levels in S. cerevisiae. FEBS Lett 451(2):132-6
5)	Cagnac O, et al. (2010) Vacuolar cation/H+ antiporters of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 285(44):33914-22
6)	Stathopoulos AM and Cyert MS (1997) Calcineurin acts through the CRZ1/TCN1-encoded transcription factor to regulate gene expression in yeast. Genes Dev 11(24):3432-44
7)	Matheos DP, et al. (1997) Tcn1p/Crz1p, a calcineurin-dependent transcription factor that differentially regulates gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev 11(24):3445-58
8)	Kingsbury TJ and Cunningham KW (2000) A conserved family of calcineurin regulators. Genes Dev 14(13):1595-604
9)	Pittman JK, et al. (2002) Distinct N-terminal regulatory domains of Ca(2+)/H(+) antiporters. Plant Physiol 130(2):1054-62