RRP4/YHR069C Summary 
RRP4 BASIC INFORMATION
| Standard Name | RRP4 1 |
|---|---|
| Systematic Name | YHR069C |
| Feature Type | ORF, Verified |
| Description | Exosome non-catalytic core component; involved in 3'-5' RNA processing and degradation in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm; predicted to contain RNA binding domains; has similarity to human hRrp4p (EXOSC2) (2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and see Summary Paragraph) 
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| Name Description | Ribosomal RNA Processing 1 |
| Interactions | RRP4 All interactions details and references |
|---|---|
| 115 total interaction(s) for 36 unique genes/features. | |
| Physical Interactions |
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| Genetic Interactions |
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| External Links | All Associated Seq | E.C. | Entrez Gene | Entrez RefSeq Protein | MIPS | UniProtKB |
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| Primary SGDID | S000001111 |
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RRP4 RESOURCES
| SGD ORF map | GBrowse |
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Click on histogram for expression summary
Expression Summary
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION for RRP4
SUMMARY PARAGRAPH for RRP4
The exosome complex possesses 3'-5' exonuclease and endoribonucleolytic activities that are essential for diverse ribonucleolytic processes in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm (3, 7, 8). The nuclear exosome is associated with the TRAMP complex and is involved in RNA catabolic processes including RNA surveillance (9, 10 and references therein), pre-mRNA turnover (11) and the production of mature 3' ends for snoRNAs, snRNAs and rRNAs (7, 12 and references therein). The cytoplasmic exosome is associated with Ski7p and the SKI complex and is involved in RNA catabolic processes that include both the routine turnover of normal mRNA (13) as well as the degradation of aberrant mRNAs (14 and references therein). The 10-subunit core exosome complex (Csl4p, Rrp4p, Rrp40p, Ski6p, Rrp42p, Rrp43p, Rrp45p, Rrp46p, Mtr3p, Dis3p) is the same in both locations, but the nuclear exosome contains an additional subunit (Rrp6p) and two additional accessory factors (Lrp1p, Mpp6p) (8).
Although the exosome was originally described as a "complex of exonucleases," with multiple subunits proposed to have RNase activity (3), later work has shown that this mechanism is unlikely in yeast. With the exception of Ski6p, none of the yeast subunits that show homology to E. coli RNase PH retain the active site residues seen in the bacterial or archael enzymes. Further research has also demonstrated that most, if not all, detectable enzymatic activity resides in the Dis3p and Rrp6p subunits (5, 6).
RRP4 encodes a core subunit of the exosome amd is predicted to contain both S1 and KH RNA binding domains (3, 2, 4, 15 and references therein). Like most exosome components, Rrp4p is highly conserved among eukaryotes, including humans (hRrp4p (EXOSC2)) (5 and references therein). RRP4 is an essential gene, but both temperature sensitive mutant cells (at restrictive temperature) and cells depleted for Rrp4p accumulate aberrant forms of rRNA (3, 1, 12). The same temperature sensitive mutant also accumulates aberrant forms of snoRNA and snRNA (7) and displays defects in 3' to 5' mRNA degradation (13).
Last updated: 2009-09-09
REFERENCES CITED ON THIS PAGE [View Complete Literature Guide for RRP4]
| 1) | Mitchell P, et al. (1996) The 3' end of yeast 5.8S rRNA is generated by an exonuclease processing mechanism. Genes Dev 10(4):502-13 |
| 2) | Allmang C, et al. (1999) The yeast exosome and human PM-Scl are related complexes of 3' --> 5' exonucleases. Genes Dev 13(16):2148-58 |
| 3) | Mitchell P, et al. (1997) The exosome: a conserved eukaryotic RNA processing complex containing multiple 3'-->5' exoribonucleases. Cell 91(4):457-66 |
| 4) | Synowsky SA, et al. (2006) Probing genuine strong interactions and post-translational modifications in the heterogeneous yeast exosome protein complex. Mol Cell Proteomics 5(9):1581-92 |
| 5) | Liu Q, et al. (2006) Reconstitution, activities, and structure of the eukaryotic RNA exosome. Cell 127(6):1223-37 |
| 6) | Dziembowski A, et al. (2007) A single subunit, Dis3, is essentially responsible for yeast exosome core activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol 14(1):15-22 |
| 7) | van Hoof A, et al. (2000) Yeast exosome mutants accumulate 3'-extended polyadenylated forms of U4 small nuclear RNA and small nucleolar RNAs. Mol Cell Biol 20(2):441-52 |
| 8) | Synowsky SA, et al. (2009) Comparative multiplexed mass spectrometric analyses of endogenously expressed yeast nuclear and cytoplasmic exosomes. J Mol Biol 385(4):1300-13 |
| 9) | Vanacova S, et al. (2005) A new yeast poly(A) polymerase complex involved in RNA quality control. PLoS Biol 3(6):e189 |
| 10) | LaCava J, et al. (2005) RNA degradation by the exosome is promoted by a nuclear polyadenylation complex. Cell 121(5):713-24 |
| 11) | Bousquet-Antonelli C, et al. (2000) Identification of a regulated pathway for nuclear pre-mRNA turnover. Cell 102(6):765-75 |
| 12) | Allmang C, et al. (2000) Degradation of ribosomal RNA precursors by the exosome. Nucleic Acids Res 28(8):1684-91 |
| 13) | Anderson JS and Parker RP (1998) The 3' to 5' degradation of yeast mRNAs is a general mechanism for mRNA turnover that requires the SKI2 DEVH box protein and 3' to 5' exonucleases of the exosome complex. EMBO J 17(5):1497-506 |
| 14) | Schaeffer D, et al. (2008) Determining in vivo activity of the yeast cytoplasmic exosome. Methods Enzymol 448:227-39 |
| 15) | Schaeffer D, et al. (2009) The exosome contains domains with specific endoribonuclease, exoribonuclease and cytoplasmic mRNA decay activities. Nat Struct Mol Biol 16(1):56-62 |
