Ontology: Biological Process (GO:0032543)

Definition: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in a mitochondrion. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein; the mitochondrion has its own ribosomes and transfer RNAs, and uses a genetic code that differs from the nuclear code.

Synonyms: mitochondrial protein anabolism; mitochondrial protein biosynthesis; mitochondrial protein formation; mitochondrial protein synthesis; mitochondrial protein translation

View Ontology: (graph) | (text)

This table lists the methods used to annotate genes either directly to the term mitochondrial translation (109 genes) or to its variants containing one or more qualifiers (0 genes). Note that some genes may have been annotated by more than one method so the numbers in the table below may not add up to the totals given here.

Annotation Method	GO Term	# Yeast Genes Annotated
Manually curated (download data)	mitochondrial translation	108
High-throughput	none	none
Computational (download data)	mitochondrial translation	2

Links to Additional Annotations:

• View annotations in multiple organisms using
• Search for S. cerevisiae genes annotated, by the Manually curated or High-throughput methods, to this term or to any terms that are descended from this term, i.e., child terms representing more specific biology than this term.

Annotation details for genes that have been directly annotated to the term mitochondrial translation or its variants containing one or more qualifiers (NOT, contributes to, or colocalizes with).

mitochondrial translation      109 genes directly annotated to this term
Locus	Evidence	Annotation Method	Reference	Assigned By
15S_RRNA/15S_rRNA	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction Assigned on 2010-11-09	manually curated	Fox TD and Staempfli S  (1982) Suppressor of yeast mitochondrial ochre mutations that maps in or near the 15S ribosomal RNA gene of mtDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 79(5):1583-7	SGD
21S_RRNA/21S_rRNA	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2010-07-15	manually curated	Julou C and Bolotin-Fukuhara M  (1982) Genetics of mitochondrial ribosomes of yeast: mitochondrial lethality of a double mutant carrying two mutations of the 21S ribosomal RNA gene. Mol Gen Genet 188(2):256-60	SGD
HER2/YMR293C	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03150 Last Updated 2013-03-02	computational	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
HTS1/YPR033C	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:tH(GUG)Q Assigned on 2009-02-06	manually curated	De Luca C, et al.  (2006) Mutations in yeast mt tRNAs: specific and general suppression by nuclear encoded tRNA interactors. Gene 377():169-76	SGD
IFM1/YOL023W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-11-20	manually curated	Vambutas A, et al.  (1991) Mitochondrial translational-initiation and elongation factors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 201(3):643-52	SGD
IMG1/YCR046C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-11	manually curated	Gan X, et al.  (2002) Tag-mediated isolation of yeast mitochondrial ribosome and mass spectrometric identification of its new components. Eur J Biochem 269(21):5203-14	SGD
IMG2/YCR071C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-11	manually curated	Gan X, et al.  (2002) Tag-mediated isolation of yeast mitochondrial ribosome and mass spectrometric identification of its new components. Eur J Biochem 269(21):5203-14	SGD
ISM1/YPL040C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-11-21	manually curated	Tzagoloff A and Shtanko A  (1995) Mitochondrial and cytoplasmic isoleucyl-, glutamyl- and arginyl-tRNA synthetases of yeast are encoded by separate genes. Eur J Biochem 230(2):582-6	SGD
MEF1/YLR069C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-11-20	manually curated	Vambutas A, et al.  (1991) Mitochondrial translational-initiation and elongation factors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 201(3):643-52	SGD
MMF1/YIL051C	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:MRPL40, SGD:MRPL38 Assigned on 2010-05-13	manually curated	Accardi R, et al.  (2004) High levels of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit protein 40 prevent loss of mitochondrial DNA in null mmf1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Yeast 21(7):539-48	SGD
MRF1/YGL143C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-10-21	manually curated	Towpik J, et al.  (2004) Mutations in the yeast mrf1 gene encoding mitochondrial release factor inhibit translation on mitochondrial ribosomes. J Biol Chem 279(14):14096-103	SGD
MRP1/YDR347W	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-12	manually curated	Saveanu C, et al.  (2001) Identification of 12 new yeast mitochondrial ribosomal proteins including 6 that have no prokaryotic homologues. J Biol Chem 276(19):15861-7	SGD
MRP10/YDL045W-A	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Jin C, et al.  (1997) Cloning and characterization of MRP10, a yeast gene coding for a mitochondrial ribosomal protein. Curr Genet 31(3):228-34	SGD
MRP13/YGR084C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-11	manually curated	Gan X, et al.  (2002) Tag-mediated isolation of yeast mitochondrial ribosome and mass spectrometric identification of its new components. Eur J Biochem 269(21):5203-14	SGD
MRP17/YKL003C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-11	manually curated	Gan X, et al.  (2002) Tag-mediated isolation of yeast mitochondrial ribosome and mass spectrometric identification of its new components. Eur J Biochem 269(21):5203-14	SGD
MRP2/YPR166C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-12	manually curated	Saveanu C, et al.  (2001) Identification of 12 new yeast mitochondrial ribosomal proteins including 6 that have no prokaryotic homologues. J Biol Chem 276(19):15861-7	SGD
MRP20/YDR405W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2011-02-04	manually curated	Fearon K and Mason TL  (1992) Structure and function of MRP20 and MRP49, the nuclear genes for two proteins of the 54 S subunit of the yeast mitochondrial ribosome. J Biol Chem 267(8):5162-70	SGD
	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
MRP21/YBL090W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Green-Willms NS, et al.  (1998) Functional interactions between yeast mitochondrial ribosomes and mRNA 5' untranslated leaders. Mol Cell Biol 18(4):1826-34	SGD
MRP4/YHL004W	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-12	manually curated	Saveanu C, et al.  (2001) Identification of 12 new yeast mitochondrial ribosomal proteins including 6 that have no prokaryotic homologues. J Biol Chem 276(19):15861-7	SGD
MRP49/YKL167C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2011-02-04	manually curated	Fearon K and Mason TL  (1992) Structure and function of MRP20 and MRP49, the nuclear genes for two proteins of the 54 S subunit of the yeast mitochondrial ribosome. J Biol Chem 267(8):5162-70	SGD
MRP51/YPL118W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Green-Willms NS, et al.  (1998) Functional interactions between yeast mitochondrial ribosomes and mRNA 5' untranslated leaders. Mol Cell Biol 18(4):1826-34	SGD
	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-12	manually curated	Saveanu C, et al.  (2001) Identification of 12 new yeast mitochondrial ribosomal proteins including 6 that have no prokaryotic homologues. J Biol Chem 276(19):15861-7	SGD
MRP7/YNL005C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-11	manually curated	Gan X, et al.  (2002) Tag-mediated isolation of yeast mitochondrial ribosome and mass spectrometric identification of its new components. Eur J Biochem 269(21):5203-14	SGD
MRPL1/YDR116C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-11	manually curated	Gan X, et al.  (2002) Tag-mediated isolation of yeast mitochondrial ribosome and mass spectrometric identification of its new components. Eur J Biochem 269(21):5203-14	SGD
MRPL10/YNL284C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
MRPL11/YDL202W	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
MRPL13/YKR006C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Grohmann L, et al.  (1991) Extended N-terminal sequencing of proteins of the large ribosomal subunit from yeast mitochondria. FEBS Lett 284(1):51-6	SGD
MRPL15/YLR312W-A	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-11	manually curated	Gan X, et al.  (2002) Tag-mediated isolation of yeast mitochondrial ribosome and mass spectrometric identification of its new components. Eur J Biochem 269(21):5203-14	SGD
MRPL16/YBL038W	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
MRPL17/YNL252C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD
	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-11	manually curated	Gan X, et al.  (2002) Tag-mediated isolation of yeast mitochondrial ribosome and mass spectrometric identification of its new components. Eur J Biochem 269(21):5203-14	SGD
MRPL19/YNL185C	IC: Inferred By Curator from mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Assigned on 2008-11-19	manually curated	Kitakawa M, et al.  (1997) Identification and characterization of the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem 245(2):449-56	SGD

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