Ontology: Biological Process (GO:0030476)

Definition: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an ascospore wall. During sporulation in Ascomycota, each ascospore nucleus becomes surrounded by a specialized spore wall, formed by deposition of spore wall components in the lumenal space between the outer and inner leaflets of the prospore membrane. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Synonyms: spore wall assembly

View Ontology: (graph) | (text)

This table lists the methods used to annotate genes either directly to the term ascospore wall assembly (43 genes) or to its variants containing one or more qualifiers (0 genes). Note that some genes may have been annotated by more than one method so the numbers in the table below may not add up to the totals given here.

Annotation Method	GO Term	# Yeast Genes Annotated
Manually curated (download data)	ascospore wall assembly	42
High-throughput (download data)	ascospore wall assembly	1
Computational	none	none

Links to Additional Annotations:

• View annotations in multiple organisms using
• Search for S. cerevisiae genes annotated, by the Manually curated or High-throughput methods, to this term or to any terms that are descended from this term, i.e., child terms representing more specific biology than this term.

Annotation details for genes that have been directly annotated to the term ascospore wall assembly or its variants containing one or more qualifiers (NOT, contributes to, or colocalizes with).

ascospore wall assembly      43 genes directly annotated to this term
Locus	Evidence	Annotation Method	Reference	Assigned By
ACT1/YFL039C	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2008-12-01	manually curated	Taxis C, et al.  (2006) Dynamic Organization of the Actin Cytoskeleton During Meiosis and Spore Formation in Budding Yeast. Traffic 7(12):1628-1642	SGD
ADY3/YDL239C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-09-20	manually curated	Nickas ME and Neiman AM  (2002) Ady3p links spindle pole body function to spore wall synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 160(4):1439-50	SGD
AMA1/YGR225W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-01-27	manually curated	Coluccio A, et al.  (2004) Morphogenetic pathway of spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 3(6):1464-75	SGD
ARP2/YDL029W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-12-01	manually curated	Taxis C, et al.  (2006) Dynamic Organization of the Actin Cytoskeleton During Meiosis and Spore Formation in Budding Yeast. Traffic 7(12):1628-1642	SGD
CDA1/YLR307W	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-09-27	manually curated	Christodoulidou A, et al.  (1996) Two sporulation-specific chitin deacetylase-encoding genes are required for the ascospore wall rigidity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 271(49):31420-5	SGD
CDA2/YLR308W	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-09-27	manually curated	Christodoulidou A, et al.  (1996) Two sporulation-specific chitin deacetylase-encoding genes are required for the ascospore wall rigidity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 271(49):31420-5	SGD
CHS3/YBR023C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2004-10-13	manually curated	Pammer M, et al.  (1992) DIT101 (CSD2, CAL1), a cell cycle-regulated yeast gene required for synthesis of chitin in cell walls and chitosan in spore walls. Yeast 8(12):1089-99	SGD
CHS5/YLR330W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2001-01-18	manually curated	Santos B, et al.  (1997) CHS5, a gene involved in chitin synthesis and mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 17(5):2485-96	SGD
CRR1/YLR213C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-09-14	manually curated	Gomez-Esquer F, et al.  (2004) CRR1, a gene encoding a putative transglycosidase, is required for proper spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiology 150(Pt 10):3269-80	SGD
DIT1/YDR403W	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-07-16	manually curated	Briza P, et al.  (1994) The sporulation-specific enzymes encoded by the DIT1 and DIT2 genes catalyze a two-step reaction leading to a soluble LL-dityrosine-containing precursor of the yeast spore wall. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91(10):4524-8	SGD
DIT2/YDR402C	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-07-16	manually curated	Briza P, et al.  (1994) The sporulation-specific enzymes encoded by the DIT1 and DIT2 genes catalyze a two-step reaction leading to a soluble LL-dityrosine-containing precursor of the yeast spore wall. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91(10):4524-8	SGD
DON1/YDR273W	IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction Assigned on 2002-09-20	manually curated	Nickas ME and Neiman AM  (2002) Ady3p links spindle pole body function to spore wall synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 160(4):1439-50	SGD
DTR1/YBR180W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-12-02	manually curated	Felder T, et al.  (2002) Dtrlp, a multidrug resistance transporter of the major facilitator superfamily, plays an essential role in spore wall maturation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 1(5):799-810	SGD
END3/YNL084C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-08-22	manually curated	Morishita M and Engebrecht J  (2005) End3p-mediated endocytosis is required for spore wall formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 170(4):1561-74	SGD
FKS3/YMR306W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-02-21	manually curated	Ishihara S, et al.  (2007) Homologous subunits of 1,3-beta-glucan synthase are important for spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 6(2):143-56	SGD
GAS2/YLR343W	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:GAS1, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-02-20	manually curated	Ragni E, et al.  (2007) GAS2 and GAS4, a pair of developmentally regulated genes required for spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 6(2):302-16	SGD
GAS4/YOL132W	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:GAS1, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-02-20	manually curated	Ragni E, et al.  (2007) GAS2 and GAS4, a pair of developmentally regulated genes required for spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 6(2):302-16	SGD
GIP1/YBR045C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-08-13	manually curated	Tachikawa H, et al.  (2001) A Gip1p-Glc7p phosphatase complex regulates septin organization and spore wall formation. J Cell Biol 155(5):797-808	SGD
GSC2/YGR032W	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:SMK1, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2006-06-22	manually curated	Huang LS, et al.  (2005) The Smk1p MAP kinase negatively regulates Gsc2p, a 1,3-beta-glucan synthase, during spore wall morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(35):12431-6	SGD
MPC54/YOR177C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-09-20	manually curated	Knop M and Strasser K  (2000) Role of the spindle pole body of yeast in mediating assembly of the prospore membrane during meiosis. EMBO J 19(14):3657-67	SGD
MUM3/YOR298W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-01-27	manually curated	Coluccio A, et al.  (2004) Morphogenetic pathway of spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 3(6):1464-75	SGD
OSW1/YOR255W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-01-27	manually curated	Coluccio A, et al.  (2004) Morphogenetic pathway of spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 3(6):1464-75	SGD
OSW2/YLR054C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-01-27	manually curated	Coluccio A, et al.  (2004) Morphogenetic pathway of spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 3(6):1464-75	SGD
PFS1/YHR185C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-09-23	manually curated	Deng C and Saunders WS  (2001) ADY1, a novel gene required for prospore membrane formation at selected spindle poles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 12(9):2646-59	SGD
RRT12/YCR045C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-05	manually curated	Suda Y, et al.  (2009) A screen for spore wall permeability mutants identifies a secreted protease required for proper spore wall assembly. PLoS One 4(9):e7184	SGD
SMA2/YML066C	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-10-29	manually curated	Rabitsch KP, et al.  (2001) A screen for genes required for meiosis and spore formation based on whole-genome expression. Curr Biol 11(13):1001-9	SGD
SMK1/YPR054W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-10-01	manually curated	Krisak L, et al.  (1994) SMK1, a developmentally regulated MAP kinase, is required for spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev 8(18):2151-61	SGD
	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:GSC2, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2006-06-22	manually curated	Huang LS, et al.  (2005) The Smk1p MAP kinase negatively regulates Gsc2p, a 1,3-beta-glucan synthase, during spore wall morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102(35):12431-6	SGD
SPO21/YOL091W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-09-20	manually curated	Knop M and Strasser K  (2000) Role of the spindle pole body of yeast in mediating assembly of the prospore membrane during meiosis. EMBO J 19(14):3657-67	SGD
SPO71/YDR104C	IEP: Inferred from Expression Pattern, IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2002-09-30	manually curated	Chu S, et al.  (1998) The transcriptional program of sporulation in budding yeast. Science 282(5389):699-705	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2012-06-20	manually curated	Parodi EM, et al.  (2012) SPO71 mediates prospore membrane size and maturation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 11(10):1191-200	SGD
SPO73/YER046W	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-01-27	manually curated	Coluccio A, et al.  (2004) Morphogenetic pathway of spore wall assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell 3(6):1464-75	SGD

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