This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2007-08-16    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
contributes_to ATP-dependent 3'-5' DNA helicase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-14	Kaplan DL, et al.  (2003) Mcm4,6,7 uses a "pump in ring" mechanism to unwind DNA by steric exclusion and actively translocate along a duplex. J Biol Chem 278(49):49171-82	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-16	Biswas-Fiss EE, et al.  (2005) The Mcm467 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is preferentially activated by autonomously replicating DNA sequences. Biochemistry 44(8):2916-25	SGD
contributes_to DNA helicase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2011-02-10	Bochman ML and Schwacha A  (2008) The Mcm2-7 complex has in vitro helicase activity. Mol Cell 31(2):287-93	UniProtKB
DNA replication origin binding	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-24	Kawasaki Y, et al.  (2006) Reconstitution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae prereplicative complex assembly in vitro. Genes Cells 11(7):745-56	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-14	Wilmes GM and Bell SP  (2002) The B2 element of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ARS1 origin of replication requires specific sequences to facilitate pre-RC formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99(1):101-6	SGD
four-way junction helicase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-14	Kaplan DL, et al.  (2003) Mcm4,6,7 uses a "pump in ring" mechanism to unwind DNA by steric exclusion and actively translocate along a duplex. J Biol Chem 278(49):49171-82	SGD
single-stranded DNA binding	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-01-31	Bochman ML and Schwacha A  (2007) Differences in the single-stranded DNA binding activities of MCM2-7 and MCM467: MCM2 and MCM5 define a slow ATP-dependent step. J Biol Chem 282(46):33795-804	SGD
contributes_to single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2008-01-31	Biswas-Fiss EE, et al.  (2005) The Mcm467 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is preferentially activated by autonomously replicating DNA sequences. Biochemistry 44(8):2916-25	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
DNA replication initiation	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:MCM5 Assigned on 2007-08-02	Hennessy KM, et al.  (1991) A group of interacting yeast DNA replication genes. Genes Dev 5(6):958-69	SGD
DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-08-13	Labib K, et al.  (2000) Uninterrupted MCM2-7 function required for DNA replication fork progression. Science 288(5471):1643-7	SGD
DNA unwinding involved in replication	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-14	Kaplan DL, et al.  (2003) Mcm4,6,7 uses a "pump in ring" mechanism to unwind DNA by steric exclusion and actively translocate along a duplex. J Biol Chem 278(49):49171-82	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-16	Biswas-Fiss EE, et al.  (2005) The Mcm467 complex of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is preferentially activated by autonomously replicating DNA sequences. Biochemistry 44(8):2916-25	SGD
double-strand break repair via break-induced replication	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2010-07-09	Lydeard JR, et al.  (2010) Break-induced replication requires all essential DNA replication factors except those specific for pre-RC assembly. Genes Dev 24(11):1133-44	SGD
nuclear pre-replicative complex assembly	IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction Assigned on 2002-12-02	Aparicio OM, et al.  (1997) Components and dynamics of DNA replication complexes in S. cerevisiae: redistribution of MCM proteins and Cdc45p during S phase. Cell 91(1):59-69	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-23	Kawasaki Y, et al.  (2006) Reconstitution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae prereplicative complex assembly in vitro. Genes Cells 11(7):745-56	SGD
S phase of mitotic cell cycle	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:MCM5, SGD:MCM7 Assigned on 2007-08-10 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-08-10	Hennessy KM, et al.  (1991) A group of interacting yeast DNA replication genes. Genes Dev 5(6):958-69	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-08-13	Labib K, et al.  (2000) Uninterrupted MCM2-7 function required for DNA replication fork progression. Science 288(5471):1643-7	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2002-06-25	Nguyen VQ, et al.  (2000) Clb/Cdc28 kinases promote nuclear export of the replication initiator proteins Mcm2-7. Curr Biol 10(4):195-205	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-13	Labib K, et al.  (1999) G1-phase and B-type cyclins exclude the DNA-replication factor Mcm4 from the nucleus. Nat Cell Biol 1(7):415-22	SGD
DNA replication preinitiation complex	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-02	Zou L and Stillman B  (1998) Formation of a preinitiation complex by S-phase cyclin CDK-dependent loading of Cdc45p onto chromatin. Science 280(5363):593-6	SGD
MCM complex	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2004-10-24	Davey MJ, et al.  (2003) Reconstitution of the Mcm2-7p heterohexamer, subunit arrangement, and ATP site architecture. J Biol Chem 278(7):4491-9	SGD
nuclear pre-replicative complex	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2002-12-02	Aparicio OM, et al.  (1997) Components and dynamics of DNA replication complexes in S. cerevisiae: redistribution of MCM proteins and Cdc45p during S phase. Cell 91(1):59-69	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-23	Kawasaki Y, et al.  (2006) Reconstitution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae prereplicative complex assembly in vitro. Genes Cells 11(7):745-56	SGD
nuclear replication fork	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-07-10	Calzada A, et al.  (2005) Molecular anatomy and regulation of a stable replisome at a paused eukaryotic DNA replication fork. Genes Dev 19(16):1905-19	SGD
nucleus	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2002-06-25	Nguyen VQ, et al.  (2000) Clb/Cdc28 kinases promote nuclear export of the replication initiator proteins Mcm2-7. Curr Biol 10(4):195-205	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-13	Labib K, et al.  (1999) G1-phase and B-type cyclins exclude the DNA-replication factor Mcm4 from the nucleus. Nat Cell Biol 1(7):415-22	SGD
replication fork protection complex	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-08-24	Gambus A, et al.  (2006) GINS maintains association of Cdc45 with MCM in replisome progression complexes at eukaryotic DNA replication forks. Nat Cell Biol 8(4):358-66	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

There are no High-throughput annotations for MCM4

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
ATP binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001208, EBI:IPR018525, EBI:IPR008047 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0067 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
DNA binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001208, EBI:IPR018525, EBI:IPR008047 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0238 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
DNA helicase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR008047 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
helicase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0347 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
hydrolase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0378 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleotide binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0547 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cell cycle	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0131 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
DNA replication	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001208, EBI:IPR018525 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0235 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
DNA replication initiation	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR008047 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
MCM complex	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR008047 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
nucleus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0191 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0539 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).