This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2011-06-23    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2011-06-23	Giniger E, et al.  (1985) Specific DNA binding of GAL4, a positive regulatory protein of yeast. Cell 40(4):767-74	SGD
RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2011-06-23 IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2011-06-23	Keegan L, et al.  (1986) Separation of DNA binding from the transcription-activating function of a eukaryotic regulatory protein. Science 231(4739):699-704	SGD
RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2011-06-23 IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction with SGD:TRA1 Assigned on 2011-06-23	Bhaumik SR, et al.  (2004) In vivo target of a transcriptional activator revealed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Genes Dev 18(3):333-43	SGD
sequence-specific transcription regulatory region DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor recruiting transcription factor activity	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:TRA1 Assigned on 2011-06-23 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2011-06-23 IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction with SGD:TRA1 Assigned on 2011-06-23	Bhaumik SR, et al.  (2004) In vivo target of a transcriptional activator revealed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Genes Dev 18(3):333-43	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
galactose metabolic process	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2006-10-06	Hashimoto H, et al.  (1983) Regulation of expression of the galactose gene cluster in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Isolation and characterization of the regulatory gene GAL4. Mol Gen Genet 191(1):31-8	SGD
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by galactose	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2011-06-23	Giniger E, et al.  (1985) Specific DNA binding of GAL4, a positive regulatory protein of yeast. Cell 40(4):767-74	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2011-06-23	Hashimoto H, et al.  (1983) Regulation of expression of the galactose gene cluster in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Isolation and characterization of the regulatory gene GAL4. Mol Gen Genet 191(1):31-8	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
nucleus	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2006-10-06	Silver PA, et al.  (1984) Amino terminus of the yeast GAL4 gene product is sufficient for nuclear localization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 81(19):5951-5	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Molecular Function

High-throughput Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-02-05	Zhu C, et al.  (2009) High-resolution DNA-binding specificity analysis of yeast transcription factors. Genome Res 19(4):556-66	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
DNA binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR007219 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0238 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
metal ion binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0479 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001138 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
zinc ion binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001138, EBI:IPR007219 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
carbohydrate metabolic process	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0119 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
galactose metabolic process	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0299 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001138 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0805 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001138 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	GOC
transcription, DNA-dependent	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR007219 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0804 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
nucleus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001138, EBI:IPR007219 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0191 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0539 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).