This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2001-11-01    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
DNA replication origin binding	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2006-08-16	Dohrmann PR and Sclafani RA  (2006) Novel role for checkpoint Rad53 protein kinase in the initiation of chromosomal DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 174(1):87-99	SGD
protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2001-11-01	Zheng P, et al.  (1993) SPK1 is an essential S-phase-specific gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that encodes a nuclear serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase. Mol Cell Biol 13(9):5829-42	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-02-08	Koc A and Merrill GF  (2007) Checkpoint deficient rad53-11 yeast cannot accumulate dNTPs in response to DNA damage. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 353(2):527-30	SGD
DNA damage checkpoint	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:CDC13, SGD:CDC8 Assigned on 2010-06-10	Weinert TA, et al.  (1994) Mitotic checkpoint genes in budding yeast and the dependence of mitosis on DNA replication and repair. Genes Dev 8(6):652-65	SGD
DNA repair	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2001-11-01	Zheng P, et al.  (1993) SPK1 is an essential S-phase-specific gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that encodes a nuclear serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase. Mol Cell Biol 13(9):5829-42	SGD
DNA replication initiation	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2006-08-16	Dohrmann PR and Sclafani RA  (2006) Novel role for checkpoint Rad53 protein kinase in the initiation of chromosomal DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics 174(1):87-99	SGD
nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction Assigned on 2001-11-01	Desany BA, et al.  (1998) Recovery from DNA replicational stress is the essential function of the S-phase checkpoint pathway. Genes Dev 12(18):2956-70	SGD
protein localization	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-01-04	Ghavidel A, et al.  (2007) Impaired tRNA Nuclear Export Links DNA Damage and Cell-Cycle Checkpoint. Cell 131(5):915-26	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
nucleus	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2001-11-01	Zheng P, et al.  (1993) SPK1 is an essential S-phase-specific gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that encodes a nuclear serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase. Mol Cell Biol 13(9):5829-42	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Molecular Function | Biological Process

High-throughput Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein kinase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2012-05-04	Ptacek J, et al.  (2005) Global analysis of protein phosphorylation in yeast. Nature 438(7068):679-84	SGD

High-throughput Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein phosphorylation	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2012-05-04	Ptacek J, et al.  (2005) Global analysis of protein phosphorylation in yeast. Nature 438(7068):679-84	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
ATP binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR017441, EBI:IPR000719, EBI:IPR002290 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0067 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
DNA replication origin binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR016256 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0418 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleotide binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0547 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000719, EBI:IPR002290 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR008271 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0723 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR016256 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
protein tyrosine kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0829 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transferase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0808 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR011009 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cell cycle	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0131 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR016256 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
DNA damage checkpoint	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR016256 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
DNA repair	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR016256 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
DNA replication initiation	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR016256 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
phosphorylation	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0418 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein phosphorylation	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000719, EBI:IPR002290, EBI:IPR008271 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
response to DNA damage stimulus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0227 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
nucleus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR016256 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0191 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0539 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).