This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2004-05-20    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein serine/threonine kinase activity	ISS: Inferred from Sequence or structural Similarity Assigned on 2001-01-18 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2001-01-18	Cope MJ, et al.  (1999) Novel protein kinases Ark1p and Prk1p associate with and regulate the cortical actin cytoskeleton in budding yeast. J Cell Biol 144(6):1203-18	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-02-23	Jin M and Cai M  (2008) A Novel Function of Arp2p in Mediating Prk1p-specific Regulation of Actin and Endocytosis in Yeast. Mol Biol Cell 19(1):297-307	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
actin cortical patch assembly	TAS: Traceable Author Statement Assigned on 2001-01-18	Pruyne D and Bretscher A  (2000) Polarization of cell growth in yeast. J Cell Sci 113 ( Pt 4):571-85	SGD
actin filament organization	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction Assigned on 2001-01-18 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2001-01-18	Cope MJ, et al.  (1999) Novel protein kinases Ark1p and Prk1p associate with and regulate the cortical actin cytoskeleton in budding yeast. J Cell Biol 144(6):1203-18	SGD
cytokinesis	TAS: Traceable Author Statement Assigned on 2001-01-19	Pruyne D and Bretscher A  (2000) Polarization of cell growth in yeast. J Cell Sci 113 ( Pt 4):571-85	SGD
protein phosphorylation	ISS: Inferred from Sequence or structural Similarity Assigned on 2001-01-18 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2001-01-18	Cope MJ, et al.  (1999) Novel protein kinases Ark1p and Prk1p associate with and regulate the cortical actin cytoskeleton in budding yeast. J Cell Biol 144(6):1203-18	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-02-23	Jin M and Cai M  (2008) A Novel Function of Arp2p in Mediating Prk1p-specific Regulation of Actin and Endocytosis in Yeast. Mol Biol Cell 19(1):297-307	SGD
regulation of endocytosis	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2004-05-20	Henry KR, et al.  (2003) The actin-regulating kinase Prk1p negatively regulates Scd5p, a suppressor of clathrin deficiency, in actin organization and endocytosis. Curr Biol 13(17):1564-9	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
actin cortical patch	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2008-10-13	Cope MJ, et al.  (1999) Novel protein kinases Ark1p and Prk1p associate with and regulate the cortical actin cytoskeleton in budding yeast. J Cell Biol 144(6):1203-18	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

High-throughput Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein kinase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2012-05-04	Ptacek J, et al.  (2005) Global analysis of protein phosphorylation in yeast. Nature 438(7068):679-84	SGD

High-throughput Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein phosphorylation	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2012-05-04	Ptacek J, et al.  (2005) Global analysis of protein phosphorylation in yeast. Nature 438(7068):679-84	SGD

High-throughput Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
mating projection tip	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2008-12-19	Narayanaswamy R, et al.  (2009) Systematic Definition of Protein Constituents along the Major Polarization Axis Reveals an Adaptive Reuse of the Polarization Machinery in Pheromone-Treated Budding Yeast. J Proteome Res 8(1):6-19	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
ATP binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000719 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0067 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0418 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleotide binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0547 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000719 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR008271 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0723 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transferase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0808 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR011009 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
phosphorylation	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0418 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein phosphorylation	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000719, EBI:IPR008271 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
actin cortical patch	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0008 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
cytoplasm	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0963 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
cytoskeleton	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0206 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).