This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2007-07-18    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
adenylate cyclase activity	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-07-18	Matsumoto K, et al.  (1984) Identification of the structural gene and nonsense alleles for adenylate cyclase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 157(1):277-82	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-07-18	Kataoka T, et al.  (1985) DNA sequence and characterization of the S. cerevisiae gene encoding adenylate cyclase. Cell 43(2 Pt 1):493-505	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:RAS1, SGD:RAS2 Assigned on 2007-07-18	Kataoka T, et al.  (1985) DNA sequence and characterization of the S. cerevisiae gene encoding adenylate cyclase. Cell 43(2 Pt 1):493-505	SGD
Ras protein signal transduction	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:RAS1, SGD:RAS2 Assigned on 2007-07-18	Kataoka T, et al.  (1985) DNA sequence and characterization of the S. cerevisiae gene encoding adenylate cyclase. Cell 43(2 Pt 1):493-505	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2013-03-07	Belotti F, et al.  (2012) Localization of Ras signaling complex in budding yeast. Biochim Biophys Acta 1823(7):1208-16	SGD
mitochondrion	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2013-03-07	Belotti F, et al.  (2012) Localization of Ras signaling complex in budding yeast. Biochim Biophys Acta 1823(7):1208-16	SGD
plasma membrane	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2001-01-18	Mitts MR, et al.  (1990) Adenylate cyclase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a peripheral membrane protein. Mol Cell Biol 10(8):3873-83	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Cellular Component

High-throughput Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
mitochondrion	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2006-12-12	Reinders J, et al.  (2006) Toward the complete yeast mitochondrial proteome: multidimensional separation techniques for mitochondrial proteomics. J Proteome Res 5(7):1543-54	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2004-09-28	Sickmann A, et al.  (2003) The proteome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100(23):13207-12	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
adenylate cyclase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR013716 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with IUBMB:4.6.1.1 Last updated 2013-03-02	GOA curators and MGI curators  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation based on Enzyme Commission mapping.	UniProtKB
ATP binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0067 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
catalytic activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001932 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
lyase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0456 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
magnesium ion binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR013716 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
metal ion binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0479 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleotide binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0547 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001054 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cAMP biosynthetic process	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR013716 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0115 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
cyclic nucleotide biosynthetic process	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001054 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
intracellular signal transduction	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001054 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
signal transduction	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000159 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).