This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2008-05-13    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-05-13 IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2001-01-18	Matsuura A, et al.  (1997) Apg1p, a novel protein kinase required for the autophagic process in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene 192(2):245-50	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
autophagic vacuole assembly	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-05-13	Matsuura A, et al.  (1997) Apg1p, a novel protein kinase required for the autophagic process in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene 192(2):245-50	SGD
CVT pathway	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-12-15	Kamada Y, et al.  (2000) Tor-mediated induction of autophagy via an Apg1 protein kinase complex. J Cell Biol 150(6):1507-13	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-12-15	Abeliovich H, et al.  (2003) Chemical genetic analysis of Apg1 reveals a non-kinase role in the induction of autophagy. Mol Biol Cell 14(2):477-90	SGD
mitochondrion degradation	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2010-01-07	Kanki T, et al.  (2009) A genomic screen for yeast mutants defective in selective mitochondria autophagy. Mol Biol Cell 20(22):4730-8	SGD
piecemeal microautophagy of nucleus	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-08-28	Krick R, et al.  (2008) Piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus requires the core macroautophagy genes. Mol Biol Cell 19(10):4492-505	SGD
protein phosphorylation	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-05-13	Matsuura A, et al.  (1997) Apg1p, a novel protein kinase required for the autophagic process in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene 192(2):245-50	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
Atg1p signaling complex	IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction with SGD:ATG13 Assigned on 2008-05-13	Kabeya Y, et al.  (2005) Atg17 functions in cooperation with Atg1 and Atg13 in yeast autophagy. Mol Biol Cell 16(5):2544-53	SGD
cytosol	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2001-01-18	Straub M, et al.  (1997) AUT3, a serine/threonine kinase gene, is essential for autophagocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol 179(12):3875-83	SGD
pre-autophagosomal structure	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2008-05-13	Suzuki K, et al.  (2001) The pre-autophagosomal structure organized by concerted functions of APG genes is essential for autophagosome formation. EMBO J 20(21):5971-81	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-01-20	Ma J, et al.  (2008) Localization of autophagy-related proteins in yeast using a versatile plasmid-based resource of fluorescent protein fusions. Autophagy 4(6):792-800	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-04-30	Yorimitsu T and Klionsky DJ  (2005) Atg11 links cargo to the vesicle-forming machinery in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. Mol Biol Cell 16(4):1593-605	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Molecular Function | Biological Process

High-throughput Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein kinase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2012-05-04	Ptacek J, et al.  (2005) Global analysis of protein phosphorylation in yeast. Nature 438(7068):679-84	SGD

High-throughput Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein phosphorylation	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2012-05-04	Ptacek J, et al.  (2005) Global analysis of protein phosphorylation in yeast. Nature 438(7068):679-84	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
ATP binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR017441, EBI:IPR000719, EBI:IPR002290 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0067 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0418 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleotide binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0547 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000719, EBI:IPR002290 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR022708, EBI:IPR008271 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0723 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transferase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0808 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR011009 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
autophagy	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0072 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
phosphorylation	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0418 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein phosphorylation	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000719, EBI:IPR002290, EBI:IPR008271 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
protein transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0653 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0813 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0086 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0963 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
membrane	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0162 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0472 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
pre-autophagosomal structure membrane	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0221 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).