This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2002-08-06    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
ubiquitin-protein ligase activity	ISS: Inferred from Sequence or structural Similarity with SGD:RAD6, SGD:UBC4 Assigned on 2005-10-28	Broomfield S, et al.  (1998) MMS2, encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating-enzyme-like protein, is a member of the yeast error-free postreplication repair pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(10):5678-83	SGD
contributes_to ubiquitin-protein ligase activity	ISS: Inferred from Sequence or structural Similarity Assigned on 2005-10-28 IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-10-28	Hofmann RM and Pickart CM  (1999) Noncanonical MMS2-encoded ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme functions in assembly of novel polyubiquitin chains for DNA repair. Cell 96(5):645-53	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
free ubiquitin chain polymerization	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-09-28	Carlile CM, et al.  (2009) Synthesis of free and proliferating cell nuclear antigen-bound polyubiquitin chains by the RING E3 ubiquitin ligase Rad5. J Biol Chem 284(43):29326-34	SGD
postreplication repair	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:RAD6, SGD:RAD18, SGD:REV3 Assigned on 2005-10-28 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-10-28	Broomfield S, et al.  (1998) MMS2, encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating-enzyme-like protein, is a member of the yeast error-free postreplication repair pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(10):5678-83	SGD
	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:UBC13 Assigned on 2005-10-28 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-10-28	Hofmann RM and Pickart CM  (1999) Noncanonical MMS2-encoded ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme functions in assembly of novel polyubiquitin chains for DNA repair. Cell 96(5):645-53	SGD
protein polyubiquitination	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-10-26 IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction Assigned on 2005-10-26	Hofmann RM and Pickart CM  (1999) Noncanonical MMS2-encoded ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme functions in assembly of novel polyubiquitin chains for DNA repair. Cell 96(5):645-53	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2002-08-06	Ulrich HD and Jentsch S  (2000) Two RING finger proteins mediate cooperation between ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes in DNA repair. EMBO J 19(13):3388-97	SGD
nucleus	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2002-08-06	Ulrich HD and Jentsch S  (2000) Two RING finger proteins mediate cooperation between ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes in DNA repair. EMBO J 19(13):3388-97	SGD
ubiquitin conjugating enzyme complex	IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction with SGD:UBC13 Assigned on 2005-10-28	Hofmann RM and Pickart CM  (1999) Noncanonical MMS2-encoded ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme functions in assembly of novel polyubiquitin chains for DNA repair. Cell 96(5):645-53	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Biological Process

High-throughput Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
response to DNA damage stimulus	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2006-04-06	Chang M, et al.  (2002) A genome-wide screen for methyl methanesulfonate-sensitive mutants reveals genes required for S phase progression in the presence of DNA damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99(26):16934-9	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
acid-amino acid ligase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000608 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
ligase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0436 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).