This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2009-11-11    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
ubiquitin-protein ligase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2002-08-06	Bailly V, et al.  (1997) Yeast DNA repair proteins Rad6 and Rad18 form a heterodimer that has ubiquitin conjugating, DNA binding, and ATP hydrolytic activities. J Biol Chem 272(37):23360-5	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-10-28	Jentsch S, et al.  (1987) The yeast DNA repair gene RAD6 encodes a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Nature 329(6135):131-4	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
chromatin silencing at telomere	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Huang H, et al.  (1997) The ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Rad6 (Ubc2) is required for silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 17(11):6693-9	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Wood A, et al.  (2003) Bre1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase required for recruitment and substrate selection of Rad6 at a promoter. Mol Cell 11(1):267-74	SGD
double-strand break repair via homologous recombination	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction Assigned on 2009-11-11	Game JC, et al.  (2006) The RAD6/BRE1 histone modification pathway in Saccharomyces confers radiation resistance through a RAD51-dependent process that is independent of RAD18. Genetics 173(4):1951-68	SGD
error-free postreplication DNA repair	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:MMS2 Assigned on 2009-11-11	Broomfield S, et al.  (1998) MMS2, encoding a ubiquitin-conjugating-enzyme-like protein, is a member of the yeast error-free postreplication repair pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(10):5678-83	SGD
error-free translesion synthesis	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:RAD30 Assigned on 2009-11-11	McDonald JP, et al.  (1997) The Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD30 gene, a homologue of Escherichia coli dinB and umuC, is DNA damage inducible and functions in a novel error-free postreplication repair mechanism. Genetics 147(4):1557-68	SGD
error-prone translesion synthesis	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:REV3 Assigned on 2009-11-11	Lawrence CW and Christensen R  (1976) UV mutagenesis in radiation-sensitive strains of yeast. Genetics 82(2):207-32	SGD
histone monoubiquitination	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Hwang WW, et al.  (2003) A conserved RING finger protein required for histone H2B monoubiquitination and cell size control. Mol Cell 11(1):261-6	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Wood A, et al.  (2003) Bre1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase required for recruitment and substrate selection of Rad6 at a promoter. Mol Cell 11(1):267-74	SGD
meiotic DNA double-strand break formation	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Yamashita K, et al.  (2004) Rad6-Bre1-mediated histone H2B ubiquitylation modulates the formation of double-strand breaks during meiosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101(31):11380-5	SGD
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Wysocki R, et al.  (2005) Role of Dot1-dependent histone H3 methylation in G1 and S phase DNA damage checkpoint functions of Rad9. Mol Cell Biol 25(19):8430-43	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Giannattasio M, et al.  (2005) The DNA damage checkpoint response requires histone H2B ubiquitination by Rad6-Bre1 and H3 methylation by Dot1. J Biol Chem 280(11):9879-86	SGD
protein monoubiquitination	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Hoege C, et al.  (2002) RAD6-dependent DNA repair is linked to modification of PCNA by ubiquitin and SUMO. Nature 419(6903):135-41	SGD
protein polyubiquitination	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Watkins JF, et al.  (1993) The extremely conserved amino terminus of RAD6 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme is essential for amino-end rule-dependent protein degradation. Genes Dev 7(2):250-61	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Dohmen RJ, et al.  (1991) The N-end rule is mediated by the UBC2(RAD6) ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88(16):7351-5	SGD
protein ubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Watkins JF, et al.  (1993) The extremely conserved amino terminus of RAD6 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme is essential for amino-end rule-dependent protein degradation. Genes Dev 7(2):250-61	SGD
regulation of dipeptide transport	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-11-11	Byrd C, et al.  (1998) The N-end rule pathway controls the import of peptides through degradation of a transcriptional repressor. EMBO J 17(1):269-77	SGD
transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter	IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction with SGD:RPO21 Assigned on 2009-11-11	Xiao T, et al.  (2005) Histone H2B ubiquitylation is associated with elongating RNA polymerase II. Mol Cell Biol 25(2):637-51	SGD
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the N-end rule pathway	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2010-02-05	Dohmen RJ, et al.  (1991) The N-end rule is mediated by the UBC2(RAD6) ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88(16):7351-5	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2002-08-06	Ulrich HD and Jentsch S  (2000) Two RING finger proteins mediate cooperation between ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes in DNA repair. EMBO J 19(13):3388-97	SGD
colocalizes_with nuclear chromatin	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-11-11	Kao CF, et al.  (2004) Rad6 plays a role in transcriptional activation through ubiquitylation of histone H2B. Genes Dev 18(2):184-95	SGD
nucleus	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2002-08-06	Ulrich HD and Jentsch S  (2000) Two RING finger proteins mediate cooperation between ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes in DNA repair. EMBO J 19(13):3388-97	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-11-11	Watkins JF, et al.  (1993) The extremely conserved amino terminus of RAD6 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme is essential for amino-end rule-dependent protein degradation. Genes Dev 7(2):250-61	SGD
colocalizes_with proteasome complex	IPI: Inferred from Physical Interaction with SGD:PRE1 Assigned on 2009-11-11	Tongaonkar P, et al.  (2000) Evidence for an interaction between ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and the 26S proteasome. Mol Cell Biol 20(13):4691-8	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

There are no High-throughput annotations for RAD6

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
acid-amino acid ligase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR000608 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
ATP binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0067 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
ligase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0436 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleotide binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0547 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
ubiquitin-protein ligase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with IUBMB:6.3.2.19 Last updated 2013-03-02	GOA curators and MGI curators  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation based on Enzyme Commission mapping.	UniProtKB

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
chromatin modification	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0156 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
DNA repair	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0234 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein ubiquitination	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with UniPathway:UPA00143 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2012) Gene Ontology annotation based on UniPathway vocabulary mapping.	UniPathway
regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0805 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
response to DNA damage stimulus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0227 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0749 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transcription, DNA-dependent	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0804 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0086 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0963 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0191 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0539 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).