This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2006-10-12    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cation-transporting ATPase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-07-20	Lowe J, et al.  (2004) A mutational study in the transmembrane domain of Ccc2p, the yeast Cu(I)-ATPase, shows different roles for each Cys-Pro-Cys cysteine. J Biol Chem 279(25):25986-94	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-07-20	Yuan DS, et al.  (1995) The Menkes/Wilson disease gene homologue in yeast provides copper to a ceruloplasmin-like oxidase required for iron uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92(7):2632-6	SGD
copper ion binding	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-12-17	Banci L, et al.  (2007) Interaction of the two soluble metal-binding domains of yeast Ccc2 with copper(I)-Atx1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 364(3):645-9	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cellular iron ion homeostasis	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-07-20	Yuan DS, et al.  (1995) The Menkes/Wilson disease gene homologue in yeast provides copper to a ceruloplasmin-like oxidase required for iron uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92(7):2632-6	SGD
copper ion export	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2010-04-13	Yuan DS, et al.  (1995) The Menkes/Wilson disease gene homologue in yeast provides copper to a ceruloplasmin-like oxidase required for iron uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92(7):2632-6	SGD
transmembrane transport	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-01-14	Yuan DS, et al.  (1995) The Menkes/Wilson disease gene homologue in yeast provides copper to a ceruloplasmin-like oxidase required for iron uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92(7):2632-6	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-07-20	Yuan DS, et al.  (1997) Restriction of copper export in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to a late Golgi or post-Golgi compartment in the secretory pathway. J Biol Chem 272(41):25787-93	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Cellular Component

High-throughput Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
integral to membrane	ISM: Inferred from Sequence Model Assigned on 2011-05-31	De Hertogh B, et al.  (2002) Phylogenetic classification of transporters and other membrane proteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Funct Integr Genomics 2(4-5):154-70	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
ATP binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0067 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
cation-transporting ATPase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR027256, EBI:IPR001757 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
copper ion binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR006122 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
copper-exporting ATPase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with IUBMB:3.6.3.4 Last updated 2013-03-02	GOA curators and MGI curators  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation based on Enzyme Commission mapping.	UniProtKB
hydrolase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0378 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
metal ion binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR006121, EBI:IPR008250, EBI:IPR017969 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0479 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleotide binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR008250 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0547 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cation transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR027256, EBI:IPR001757 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
copper ion transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR006122 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0187 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
ion transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0406 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
metal ion transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR006121, EBI:IPR017969 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0813 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
Golgi apparatus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0132 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0333 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
integral to membrane	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR027256, EBI:IPR001757 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0812 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
membrane	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0472 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).