This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2003-06-23    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
GTP binding	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-15	Kabcenell AK, et al.  (1990) Binding and hydrolysis of guanine nucleotides by Sec4p, a yeast protein involved in the regulation of vesicular traffic. J Biol Chem 265(16):9366-72	SGD
GTPase activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-08-15	Kabcenell AK, et al.  (1990) Binding and hydrolysis of guanine nucleotides by Sec4p, a yeast protein involved in the regulation of vesicular traffic. J Biol Chem 265(16):9366-72	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
ascospore-type prospore assembly	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2006-06-14	Neiman AM  (1998) Prospore membrane formation defines a developmentally regulated branch of the secretory pathway in yeast. J Cell Biol 140(1):29-37	SGD
autophagy	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:SEC2 Assigned on 2010-05-10 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2010-05-10	Geng J, et al.  (2010) Post-golgi sec proteins are required for autophagy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Biol Cell 21(13):2257-69	SGD
bipolar cellular bud site selection	TAS: Traceable Author Statement Assigned on 2001-01-18	Pruyne D and Bretscher A  (2000) Polarization of cell growth in yeast. J Cell Sci 113 ( Pt 4):571-85	SGD
cytokinesis	TAS: Traceable Author Statement Assigned on 2001-01-19	Pruyne D and Bretscher A  (2000) Polarization of cell growth in yeast. J Cell Sci 113 ( Pt 4):571-85	SGD
exocytosis	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2006-06-19	VerPlank L and Li R  (2005) Cell cycle-regulated trafficking of Chs2 controls actomyosin ring stability during cytokinesis. Mol Biol Cell 16(5):2529-43	SGD
Golgi to plasma membrane transport	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-01-08	Hicke L, et al.  (1997) Transport through the yeast endocytic pathway occurs through morphologically distinct compartments and requires an active secretory pathway and Sec18p/N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein. Mol Biol Cell 8(1):13-31	SGD
membrane addition at site of cytokinesis	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:MLC1 Assigned on 2006-10-19 IEP: Inferred from Expression Pattern Assigned on 2006-10-19 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2006-10-19	Wagner W, et al.  (2002) Mlc1p promotes septum closure during cytokinesis via the IQ motifs of the vesicle motor Myo2p. EMBO J 21(23):6397-408	SGD
small GTPase mediated signal transduction	TAS: Traceable Author Statement Assigned on 2001-01-18	Pruyne D and Bretscher A  (2000) Polarization of cell growth in yeast. J Cell Sci 113 ( Pt 4):571-85	SGD
vesicle fusion	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2008-01-08	Hicke L, et al.  (1997) Transport through the yeast endocytic pathway occurs through morphologically distinct compartments and requires an active secretory pathway and Sec18p/N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein. Mol Biol Cell 8(1):13-31	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
actin cap	TAS: Traceable Author Statement Assigned on 2001-01-18	Pruyne D and Bretscher A  (2000) Polarization of cell growth in yeast. J Cell Sci 113 ( Pt 4):571-85	SGD
incipient cellular bud site	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-03-14	Ayscough KR, et al.  (1997) High rates of actin filament turnover in budding yeast and roles for actin in establishment and maintenance of cell polarity revealed using the actin inhibitor latrunculin-A. J Cell Biol 137(2):399-416	SGD
transport vesicle	TAS: Traceable Author Statement Assigned on 2003-06-23	Toikkanen JH, et al.  (2003) The beta subunit of the Sec61p endoplasmic reticulum translocon interacts with the exocyst complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 278(23):20946-53	SGD
vesicle	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2006-10-19	Wagner W, et al.  (2002) Mlc1p promotes septum closure during cytokinesis via the IQ motifs of the vesicle motor Myo2p. EMBO J 21(23):6397-408	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Cellular Component

High-throughput Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
mitochondrial outer membrane	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2006-03-17	Zahedi RP, et al.  (2006) Proteomic analysis of the yeast mitochondrial outer membrane reveals accumulation of a subclass of preproteins. Mol Biol Cell 17(3):1436-50	SGD
mitochondrion	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2006-12-12	Reinders J, et al.  (2006) Toward the complete yeast mitochondrial proteome: multidimensional separation techniques for mitochondrial proteomics. J Proteome Res 5(7):1543-54	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2004-09-28	Sickmann A, et al.  (2003) The proteome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100(23):13207-12	SGD
plasma membrane	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-04-29	Delom F, et al.  (2006) The plasma membrane proteome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its response to the antifungal calcofluor. Proteomics 6(10):3029-39	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
GTP binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001806, EBI:IPR005225, EBI:IPR003579 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0342 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleotide binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0547 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
exocytosis	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0268 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
protein transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR003579 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0653 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
small GTPase mediated signal transduction	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR001806, EBI:IPR003579 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
transport	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0813 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0086 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0963 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
cytoplasmic vesicle	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0968 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
membrane	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0472 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
plasma membrane	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0039 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-1003 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
transport vesicle membrane	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0245 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).