This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2007-10-04    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
5'-3' exonuclease activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-10-03	Zhu FX, et al.  (1997) Purification and characterization of the DNA polymerase alpha associated exonuclease: the RTH1 gene product. Biochemistry 36(20):5947-54	SGD
5'-flap endonuclease activity	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2003-02-26	Kao HI, et al.  (2002) Cleavage specificity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae flap endonuclease 1 suggests a double-flap structure as the cellular substrate. J Biol Chem 277(17):14379-89	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
base-excision repair, base-free sugar-phosphate removal	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:APN1 Assigned on 2007-10-04 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-10-04	Wu X and Wang Z  (1999) Relationships between yeast Rad27 and Apn1 in response to apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites in DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 27(4):956-62	SGD
DNA replication, removal of RNA primer	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-10-03	Rossi ML and Bambara RA  (2006) Reconstituted Okazaki fragment processing indicates two pathways of primer removal. J Biol Chem 281(36):26051-61	SGD
double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2004-11-22	Tseng HM and Tomkinson AE  (2004) Processing and joining of DNA ends coordinated by interactions among Dnl4/Lif1, Pol4, and FEN-1. J Biol Chem 279(46):47580-8	SGD
gene conversion at mating-type locus, DNA repair synthesis	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2007-10-04	Holmes AM and Haber JE  (1999) Double-strand break repair in yeast requires both leading and lagging strand DNA polymerases. Cell 96(3):415-24	SGD
replicative cell aging	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2003-12-17	Hoopes LL, et al.  (2002) Mutations in DNA replication genes reduce yeast life span. Mol Cell Biol 22(12):4136-46	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
mitochondrion	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-09-01	Kalifa L, et al.  (2009) Evidence for a role of FEN1 in maintaining mitochondrial DNA integrity. DNA Repair (Amst) 8(10):1242-9	SGD
nucleus	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-09-01	Kalifa L, et al.  (2009) Evidence for a role of FEN1 in maintaining mitochondrial DNA integrity. DNA Repair (Amst) 8(10):1242-9	SGD

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Cellular Component

High-throughput Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
nucleus	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-10-04	Huh WK, et al.  (2003) Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast. Nature 425(6959):686-91	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
5'-3' exonuclease activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03140 Last updated 2013-03-02	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
5'-flap endonuclease activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03140 Last updated 2013-03-02	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
catalytic activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR020045, EBI:IPR008918 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
DNA binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR020045, EBI:IPR008918 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03140 Last updated 2013-03-02	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
endonuclease activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0255 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
exonuclease activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0269 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
hydrolase activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0378 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR019974, EBI:IPR023426 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
magnesium ion binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03140 Last updated 2013-03-02	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
metal ion binding	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0479 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nuclease activity	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR006085, EBI:IPR006084, EBI:IPR006086 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0540 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
base-excision repair	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03140 Last updated 2013-03-02	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
DNA repair	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR006085, EBI:IPR006084 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0234 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
DNA replication	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0235 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
DNA replication, removal of RNA primer	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03140 Last updated 2013-03-02	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR006085, EBI:IPR006084, EBI:IPR006086 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	GOC
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0540 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	GOC
response to DNA damage stimulus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0227 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
mitochondrion	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0173 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03140 Last updated 2013-03-02	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0496 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleolus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0188 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleoplasm	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0190 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with HAMAP:MF_03140 Last updated 2013-03-02	Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) curators and GOA curators  (2006) Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by transferring manual GO annotations between orthologous microbial proteins	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0539 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).