This page displays GO annotations in different sections according to the annotation method used to add that annotation to SGD.

Last Reviewed on: 2010-11-16    Molecular Function | Biological Process | Cellular Component

Manually curated Molecular Function
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
protein tag	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-05-25 IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-05-25	Goehring AS, et al.  (2003) Urmylation: a ubiquitin-like pathway that functions during invasive growth and budding in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 14(11):4329-41	SGD
	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-10-21	Furukawa K, et al.  (2000) A protein conjugation system in yeast with homology to biosynthetic enzyme reaction of prokaryotes. J Biol Chem 275(11):7462-5	SGD

Manually curated Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cell budding	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:CLA4 Assigned on 2005-10-21	Goehring AS, et al.  (2003) Urmylation: a ubiquitin-like pathway that functions during invasive growth and budding in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 14(11):4329-41	SGD
cellular response to oxidative stress	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2011-01-13	Van der Veen AG, et al.  (2011) Feature Article: From the Cover: Role of the ubiquitin-like protein Urm1 as a noncanonical lysine-directed protein modifier. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108(5):1763-70	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-10-21	Goehring AS, et al.  (2003) Attachment of the ubiquitin-related protein Urm1p to the antioxidant protein Ahp1p. Eukaryot Cell 2(5):930-6	SGD
invasive growth in response to glucose limitation	IGI: Inferred from Genetic Interaction with SGD:STE20 Assigned on 2005-10-21 IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2005-10-21	Goehring AS, et al.  (2003) Urmylation: a ubiquitin-like pathway that functions during invasive growth and budding in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 14(11):4329-41	SGD
protein urmylation	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2007-02-08	Furukawa K, et al.  (2000) A protein conjugation system in yeast with homology to biosynthetic enzyme reaction of prokaryotes. J Biol Chem 275(11):7462-5	SGD
tRNA wobble position uridine thiolation	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2010-11-16	Leidel S, et al.  (2009) Ubiquitin-related modifier Urm1 acts as a sulphur carrier in thiolation of eukaryotic transfer RNA. Nature 458(7235):228-32	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-09-17	Noma A, et al.  (2009) Mechanistic characterization of the sulfur-relay system for eukaryotic 2-thiouridine biogenesis at tRNA wobble positions. Nucleic Acids Res 37(4):1335-52	SGD
	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-09-16	Nakai Y, et al.  (2008) Thio-modification of Yeast Cytosolic tRNA Requires a Ubiquitin-related System That Resembles Bacterial Sulfur Transfer Systems. J Biol Chem 283(41):27469-76	SGD
tRNA wobble uridine modification	IMP: Inferred from Mutant Phenotype Assigned on 2009-03-11	Huang B, et al.  (2008) A genome-wide screen identifies genes required for formation of the wobble nucleoside 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RNA 14(10):2183-94	SGD

Manually curated Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2005-10-21	Goehring AS, et al.  (2003) Urmylation: a ubiquitin-like pathway that functions during invasive growth and budding in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 14(11):4329-41	SGD
cytosol	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2009-04-21	Nakai Y, et al.  (2008) Thio-modification of Yeast Cytosolic tRNA Requires a Ubiquitin-related System That Resembles Bacterial Sulfur Transfer Systems. J Biol Chem 283(41):27469-76	UniProtKB

* Manually curated GO annotations reflect our best understanding of the basic molecular function, biological process, and cellular component for this gene product. Manually curated annotations are assigned by SGD curators based on published papers when available, or by curatorial statements if necessary. Curators periodically review all Manually curated GO annotations for accuracy and completeness. The "Last Reviewed on:" date at the top of this section indicates when these annotations were last reviewed.

Cellular Component

High-throughput Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2003-10-28	Huh WK, et al.  (2003) Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast. Nature 425(6959):686-91	SGD
nucleus	IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay Assigned on 2003-10-28	Huh WK, et al.  (2003) Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast. Nature 425(6959):686-91	SGD

** GO annotations from High-throughput experiments are made based on a variety of large scale high-throughput experiments, including genome-wide experiments. Many of these annotations are made based on GO annotations (or mappings to GO annotations) assigned by the authors, rather than SGD curators. While SGD curators read these publications and often work closely with authors to incorporate the information, each individual annotation may not necessarily be reviewed by a curator. GO Annotations from high-throughput experiments will be assigned only when this type of data is available, and thus may not be assigned in all three aspects of the Gene Ontologies.

Biological Process | Cellular Component

Computational Biological Process
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
tRNA processing	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0819 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
tRNA thio-modification	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR015221 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro

Computational Cellular Component
Annotation(s)	Evidence	Reference(s)	Assigned By
cytoplasm	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:IPR015221 Last updated 2013-03-02	DDB, et al.  (2001) Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms.	InterPro
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0086 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0963 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
nucleus	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:SL-0191 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on the manual assignment of UniProtKB Subcellular Location terms in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB
	IEA: Inferred from Electronic Annotation with EBI:KW-0539 Last updated 2013-03-02	UniProt-GOA  (2011) Gene Ontology annotation based on manual assignment of UniProtKB keywords in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries.	UniProtKB

*** Computational GO Annotations are predictions. These annotations are NOT reviewed by a curator. Currently, all computational GO annotations for S. cerevisiae are assigned by an external source (for example, the Gene Ontology Annotation (GOA) project of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI)).